Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Septobasidium pseudopedicellatum
Felt Fun-
gus
, on citrus twigs, sometimes on main stem or
branches of hornbeam. Surface is smooth, buff-
colored over dark brown pillars.
Stegonsporium
Deuteromycetes, Hyphomycetes
Stegonsporium sp.
Maple Canker
,
Dieback
.
Reported from New Jersey. Large branches die
back with conspicuous flagging. Black tarlike
fruiting bodies are formed in cankers.
Solenia (Henningsomyces)
Basidiomycetes, Aphyllophorales
Fruiting layers erect, cylindrical,
formed in
groups, membranous.
Cyphellopsis anomala (formerly
Solenia
(
Henningsomyces
)
anomala
).
Bark Patch
,
Can-
ker
, widespread on alder.
Merismodes ochracea (formerly
Solenia
ochracea
).
Bark Patch
of birch, hornbeam, hick-
ory, and alder.
Solenia
Strumella
Deuteromycetes, Hyphomycetes
Sporodochia wartlike, gray to black, of
interwoven hyphae; conidiophores dark,
branches; conidia dark, one-celled, ovoid to
irregular.
Conoplea globosa (formerly
Strumella
coryneoidea
).
Strumella Canker
of oak, espe-
cially the red oak group, also on American
beech and chestnut, occasional on pignut and
hickories, red maple, and tupelo. Primarily
a forest disease, this canker may become impor-
tant on red and scarlet ornamental oaks. Starting
as a yellowish discoloration of bark around a dead
branch or other point of infection, the canker
develops into a diffuse lesion or into a target
canker with concentric rings of callus. Whitish
mycelium is present near outer corky bark, and
the infected portion of the trunk may be flattened
or distorted. Target cankers may be up to 2 feet
wide and 5 feet long. The small black nodules
bear no spores while trees are living, but after
death dark brown spore pustules are formed,
which blacken with age. New pustules are formed
yearly. Canker eradication has been unsuccessful
in forest stands. The diseased trees should be
removed and utilized before spores can spread
infection.
Strumella
(
Henningsomyces
)
anomala (see
Cyphellopsis anomala
).
Bark
Patch
,
Canker
, widespread on alder.
Solenia
▶
Merismodes
ochracea
).
Bark Patch
of birch, horn beam, hick-
ory, and alder.
ochracea (see
▶
Sphaeropsis
Deuteromycetes, Hyphomycetes
Pycnidia black, separate or grouped, globose,
erumpent, ostiolate; conidiophores short; conidia
large, dark, one-celled, ovate to elongate, on fili-
form conidiophores.
Some
species
have
Physalospora
as the teleomorph state.
Sphaeropsis sapinea
Bleeding Canker
on pine.
Sphaeropsis tumefaciens
Canker
and
Gall
on
Carissa
.
Sphaeropsis ulmicola
Sphaeropsis Canker
of
American elm. The disease spreads downward
from small twigs to larger branches with
a brown discoloration of wood just under the
bark. Secondary shoots sometimes develop
below the cankers. Trees weakened by drought
or poor growing conditions are particularly sus-
ceptible. Prune out infected wood, cutting well
below cankers.
Conoplea
globosa
).
Strumella Canker
of oak, especially
the red oak group, also on American beech and
chestnut, occasional on pignut and hickories, red
maple, and tupelo.
coryneoidea (see
▶
