Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Control
Plant new orchards from nurseries free
from the disease. Prune to allow air in the interior
of trees. Feed properly; trees with sufficient nitro-
gen do not defoliate so readily. Zinc sulfate-lime
sprays have been somewhat effective.
Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani (for-
merly
Xanthomonas vesicatoria
var.
raphani
).
Leaf Spot
of radish, turnip, and other crucifers,
similar to bacterial spot on tomato.
Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (for-
merly
Xanthomonas vesicatoria
).
Bacterial Spot
of tomato and pepper, common in wet seasons.
Small, black, scabby fruit spots, sometimes with
a translucent border, provide entrance points for
secondary decay organisms. Small, dark greasy
spots appear on leaflets and elongated black
spots on stems and petioles. Bacteria are carried
on seed.
Control
Rotate crops; destroy diseased vines.
Spraying or dusting with copper may reduce
infection. These may
Xanthomonas carotae (see
Xanthomonas
campestris
pv.
carotae
).
Bacterial Blight
of carrot.
Xanthomonas corylina (see
Xanthomonas
campestris
pv.
corylina
).
Filbert Blight,
Bacteriosis
, the most serious disease of filberts
in the Pacific Northwest, known since 1913 from
the Cascade Mountains west
in Oregon and
Washington.
Xanthomonas cucurbitae (see
Xanthomonas
campestriis
pv.
cucurbitae
).
Bacterial Spot
on
winter squash and pumpkin
Xanthomonas dieffenbachiae (see
Xanthomonas campestriis
pv.
dieffenbachiae
).
Dieffenbachia Leaf Spot
. Spots are formed on
all parts of leaf blade except midrib, but not on
petioles and stems.
Xanthomonas glycines (
phaseoli
var.
sojense
)
(see
Xanthomonas campestris
pv.
glycines
).
Bac-
terial Pustule
of soybean, similar to regular bean
blight but chiefly a foliage disease, present in
most soybean areas, more severe in the South
Xanthomonas gummisudans (see
Xanthomonas campestris
pv.
gummisudans
).
Bacterial Blight
of Gladiolus.
Xanthomonas hederae (see
Xanthomonas
campestris
pv.
hederae
).
Bacterial Leaf Spot
of
English ivy.
Xanthomonas hyacinthi (see
Xanthomonas
campestris
pv.
hyacinthi
).
Hyacinth Yellows
, yel-
low rot of Dutch hyacinth, occasionally entering
the country in imported bulbs.
Xanthomonas incanae (see
Xanthomonas
campestris
pv.
incanae
).
Bacterial Blight
of gar-
den stocks causing, since 1933, serious losses on
flower-seed ranches in California; also present in
home gardens.
Xanthomonas juglandis (see
Xanthomonas
campestris
pv.
juglandis
).
Walnut Blight
on
English or Persian walnut, black walnut, butter-
nut, Siebold walnut.
Xanthomonas oryzae (see
Xanthomonas
campestris
pv.
oryzae
).
Carnation Pimple
reported from Colorado as caused by a new
form of the rice blight organism.
Xanthomonas papavericola (see
Xanthomonas
campestris
pv.
papavericola
).
Bacterial Blight
of
poppy on corn poppy and on Oriental, opium, and
California poppies.
be
combined with
streptomycin.
Xanthomonas campestris pv. vignicola (for-
merly
Xanthomonas vignicola
).
Cowpea Canker
on cowpeas and red kidney beans, a destructive
disease, first described in 1944. Beans are
blighted; cowpea stems have swollen, cankerlike
lesions, with the cortex cracked open and a white
bacterial exudate. The plants tend to break over.
Leaves, stems, pods, and seeds are liable to infec-
tion. Chinese Red cowpeas seem particularly sus-
ceptible, but
the disease appears on other
varieties.
Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians (for-
merly
Xanthomonas vitians
).
Bacterial Wilt
and
Leaf Spot
of lettuce,
South Carolina Lettuce
Disease
, wilting and rotting of lettuce leaves
and stems. In early stages plants are lighter
green than normal. Leaves may have definite
brown spots coalescing to large areas or may
wilt following stem infection. Use windbreaks
to prevent injuries affording entrance to bacteria;
also causes leaf spot of pepper and tomato.
Xanthomonas campestris pv. zinniae
Leaf and
Flower Spot
of zinnia.
Xanthomonas campestris pv. zinniae (for-
merly
Xanthomonas nigromaculans
).
Leaf Spot
on zinnia.
