Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 8.1
Masonry units used in construction.
Width
Height
Length
(a)
(b)
(c)
FIGURE 8.2
Examples of masonry units: (a) concrete masonry units, (b) clay
bricks, and (c) structural clay tiles
■
Concrete Masonry Units
Solid concrete units are commonly called concrete bricks, whereas hollow
units are known as concrete blocks, hollow blocks, or cinder blocks. Hollow
units have net cross-sectional area in every plane parallel to the bearing
surface with less than 75% of the cross-sectional area in the same plane. If
this ratio is 75% or more, the unit is categorized as solid (Portland Cement
Association 1991).
Concrete masonry units are manufactured in three classes, based on their
density:
lightweight units, medium-weight units, and normal-weight units,
8.1.1
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