PORTLAND CEMENT - Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers - page 216

T ABLE 6.5 ASTM Chemical and Fineness Requirements for Portland Cement

(ASTM C150)

Maximum Compound Composition (%) Blaine Fineness

Portland Cement
Type m 2 /kg C 3 S C 2 S C 3 A C 4 AF (

)

I 55 19 10 7 370

II 51 24 6 11 370

III 56 19 10 7 540

IV 28 49 4 12 380

V 38 43 4 9 380

gain of Type I cement can be accelerated by increasing the cement content
per unit volume of concrete, so the selection of Type III becomes a question
of economics and availability. Type IV can be manufactured on demand. As
discussed later, adding fly ash to Type I or II portland cement reduces the
heat of hydration, producing the benefits of Type IV, but at a lower cost.
Type V cement is produced only in locations with a severe sulfate problem.

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6.9.2 Other Cement Types

Other than the five standard types of portland cement, several hydraulic ce-
ments are manufactured in the United States, including
white portland cement
blended hydraulic cements
portland blast furnace slag cement (Type IS)
portland-pozzolan cement (Type IP and Type P)
slag cement (Type S)
pozzolan-modified portland cement (Type I(PM))
slag-modified portland cement (Type I(SM))
masonry cements
expansive cements (Type K)
specialty cements
In general, these cements have limited applications. Civil and construc-
tion engineers should be aware of their existence, but should study them
further before using them.

6.10 Mixing Water

Any potable water is suitable for making concrete. However, some non-
potable water may also be suitable. Frequently, material suppliers will use