Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
QUESTIONS
AND
PROBLEMS
3.1
What is the chemical composition of steel? What is the effect of car-
bon on the mechanical properties of steel?
3.2
Why does the iron-carbon phase diagram go only to 6.7% carbon?
3.3
Draw a simple iron-carbon phase diagram showing the liquid,
liquid-solid, and solid phases.
3.4
What is the typical maximum percent of carbon in steel used for
structures?
3.5
Calculate the amounts and compositions of phases and constituents
of steel composed of iron and 0.10% carbon just above and below
the eutectoid isotherm.
3.6
Briefly discuss four heat treatment methods to enhance the proper-
ties of steel. What are the advantages of each treatment?
3.7
Define alloy steels. Explain why alloys are added to steel.
3.8
Name three alloying agents and their principal effects.
3.9
Specifically state the shape and size of the structural steel section:
W 36
*
182.
3.10 What are the typical uses of structural steel?
3.11 Why is reinforcing steel used in concrete? Discuss the typical
properties of reinforcing steel.
3.12 What is high performance steel? State two HPS products that are
currently being used in structural applications and show their
properties.
3.13 Name three mechanical tests used to measure properties of steel.
3.14 The following laboratory tests are performed on steel specimens:
a. Tension test
b. Charpy V notch test
c. Bend test
What are the significance and use of these tests?
3.15 Sketch the stress-strain behavior of steel, and identify different lev-
els of strength. What is the effect of increasing the carbon content in
steel? What is a typical value for yield strength of mild steel?
3.16 Draw a typical stress-strain relationship for steel subjected to ten-
sion. On the graph, show the modulus of elasticity, the yield
strength, the ultimate stress, and the rupture stress.
3.17 A steel specimen is tested in tension. The specimen is 1.5 in. wide
by 0.5 in. thick in the test region. By monitoring the load dial of the
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