Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Appendix C
Methods
2.1 MODELS
Models used in Section 2.1.
The UVIC model used here is ESCM version 2.8, which includes a
19-layer ocean general circulation model. The ocean model is coupled to
a dynamic-thermodynamic sea-ice model and an energy-moisture balance
model of the atmosphere. The land surface and terrestrial vegetation are rep-
resented by a simplified version of the Hadley Center's MOSES land-surface
scheme coupled to the dynamic vegetation model TRIFFID. Ocean carbon
is simulated by means of an OCMIP-type inorganic carbon-cycle model (J.
Orr, R. Najjar, C. Sabine, and F. Joos, Abiotic how-to document, 2000, avail-
able at
http://www.ipsl.jussieu.fr/OCMIP
) and a marine ecosystem model
solving prognostic equations for nutrients, phyto-plankton, zooplankton, and
detritus. The model has participated in a number of model intercomparison
projects including the C4MIP, the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison
Project (PMIP), and the coordinated thermohaline circulation experiments.
See Zickfeld et al. (2009) and references therein. The Bern model used in
this study is the Bern2.5CC EMIC described in Plattner et al. (2008) and Joos
et al. (2001); it is compared to other models in Plattner et al. It is a coupled
climate-carbon cycle model of intermediate complexity that consists of a
zonally averaged dynamic ocean model, a one-layer atmospheric energy-
moisture balance model, and interactive representations of the marine and
terrestrial carbon cycles.
CHAPTER 3.2
Table 3.2 and associated discussion in text:
This section refers to two theoretical estimates of climate sensitivity
carried out using realistic CO
2
and water vapor radiative transfer based
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