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1991 and was a postdoctoral fellow and later a scientist at the National
Center for Atmospheric Research, before returning to Woods Hole in 2002.
He was awarded the James B. Macelwane Medal from the American Geo-
physical Union in 2000, a Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellow in 2004, and
the WHOI W. Van Alan Clark Sr. Chair in 2007. His scientific interests
span oceanography, climate, and biogeochemistry. Much of his research
focuses on how the global carbon cycle and ocean ecology respond to
natural and human-driven climate change, which may act to either dampen
or accelerate climate trends. A current focus is on ocean acidification due
to the invasion into the ocean of carbon dioxide and other chemicals from
fossil-fuel burning. He is currently the chair of the U.S. Ocean Carbon and
Biogeochemistry Program and the U.S. Ocean Carbon and Climate Change
Program.
Katharine Hayhoe is an atmospheric scientist and research associate pro-
fessor in the Department of Geosciences at Texas Tech University. Her
research focuses on quantifying the potential impacts of human activities at
the regional scale, including evaluating the ability of coupled atmosphere-
ocean general circulation models to simulate real-world phenomena and
developing new techniques to generate scientifically robust, high-resolution
projections. She is the author of more than 40 peer-reviewed publications,
several topic chapters, and numerous reports, including the U.S. Global
Change Research Program's 2009 report, Global Climate Change Impacts
in the United States .
Isaac Held (NAS) majored in physics at the University of Minnesota, con-
tinued on in physics to obtain a master's degree from the State University
of New York at Stony Brook, and then started his career of research into
climate dynamics at Princeton University, where he received his Ph.D. in
Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences in 1976. He has spent most of his career
at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, where he is currently
a Senior Research Scientist and conducts studies on climate dynamics and
climate modeling. He is also a lecturer with rank of professor at Princeton
University, in its Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, and is an
Associate Faculty member in Princeton's Applied and Computational Math-
ematics Program and in the Princeton Environmental Institute. Dr. Held is
a fellow of the American Meteorological Society (1991) and the American
Geophysical Union (1995) and a member of the National Academy of Sci-
ences (2003). Governmental awards include a Department of Commerce
Gold Medal (1999) for “world leadership in studies of climate dynamics”
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