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language production in the speak mode. The two mechanisms are alike in that
they establish a correlation between unanalyzed surfaces and analyzed sur-
faces (word forms) by means of pattern matching, but differ in the direction:
2.6.1 B
ACKBONE OF SURFACE
-
BASED INFORMATION TRANSFER
recognition
synthesis
unanalyzed
surface
surface
template
external
surface
surface
template
unanalyzed
surface
pattern matching (lookup)
pattern matching (realization)
internal
surface
internal
surface
analyzed
analyzed
surface
surface
(word form)
lexical
lexical
(word form)
analysis
analysis
hear mode
speak mode
At the center of an inter-agent information transfer by means of natural lan-
guage is the unanalyzed
external surface
. It is the output of the speak mode
and the input to the hear mode. The existence of an external surface may be
shown objectively by the natural sciences measuring it in its modality.
In the speak mode, the internal surface is mapped into a template used to
realize an external surface (synthesis). In the hear mode, the external surface
is recognized by matching it with an internal template used to retrieve a cor-
responding analyzed word form (lexical lookup). The surface templates are
modality-dependent, while the internal surfaces are modality-free.
In successful communication, the analyzed word form must be the same in
the speaker A and the hearer B. This requires that they associate the internal
surface with the same lexical analysis, i.e., A and B must have learned the same
language. In addition, the word forms are assumed to match an agent-internal
context of interpretation (not shown; cf. 4.3.2 and 4.3.3).
After lexical lookup in the hear mode and before word form synthesis in the
speak mode, the cognitive processing of content in the think mode is com-
pletely independent of the external interfaces of the agent and the external
surfaces. In the speak and hear modes, however, central cognition must work
hand in glove with the external interfaces of the agent.
For unrestricted human-machine communication, the interaction between in-
terfaces and cognition should be the same in the human prototype and the
artificial agent. This has been preformulated in NLC'06, Sect. 1.5, as the
following principle:
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