Database Reference
In-Depth Information
10.6.1 A
NCHORED NONLANGUAGE REQUEST CONTENT
(Please)
13
pass the ashtray!
STAR
−
0
Such a countermeasure may be learned as a one-step inference chain like 5.2.2.
The STAR-0 content 10.6.1 is represented as the following set of proplets:
10.6.2 R
EQUEST
STAR-0
CONTENT AS A SET OF PROPLETS
⎡
⎣
⎤
⎦
⎡
⎣
⎤
⎦
⎡
⎣
⎤
⎦
verb: pass
cat: impv
sem: pres
arg: # ashtray
prn: 630
noun: ashtray
cat: snp
sem: def sg
fnc: pass
prn: 630
S: Paris
T: 1930-07-04
A: Simone de B.
R: J.-P. Sartre
prn: 630
The requestor equals the
A
value Simone and the requestee equals the
R
value
J.-P. The verb's
cat
value
impv
, for imperative, shows the sentential mood.
14
After a long last drag on her cigarette, Simone produces the surface in 10.6.1
based on the proplet set 10.6.2 and the following DBS graph structure:
10.6.3 G
RAPH STRUCTURE USED BY REQUESTOR AS SPEAKER
semantic relations
numbered arcs graph (NAG)
pass
0
pass
2
1
ashtray
ashtray
signature
V
surface realization
0
Pass
1
2
N
the_ashtray !
Production of the content 10.6.1 as a surface constitutes step 1 of the question-
answer sequence. Given that there is no significant time difference between the
formation of the content and its use for language production, there is no need
to derive a separate speaker perspective. In other words, Simone may reuse the
STAR-0 of 10.6.2 as the STAR-1 of her utterance.
In the next step (i.e., step 2, requestee as the hearer), J.-P. parses the surface
in 10.6.1 as follows:
14
For simplicity, we omit the analysis of
please
. Its pragmatic role is to indicate a polite attitude
towards the hearer, similarly to the use of
vous
instead of
toi
. The syntactic-semantic treatment of
please
may either be as an adverbial modifier, or be integrated into a general treatment of
particles
(Ickler 1994). The widespread natural language phenomenon of particles may require a treatment in
terms of pragmatics, relatively independently of functor-argument and coordination.
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