Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 5.6.
Hurd and seed yields according to soil type (SPC Seine-Saône, 1997).
Potential hurd
and seed yields
Type of soil
Type of crop
a
Seeding rate
Nitrogen
Barrois
Topsoil on a limestone substrate
6 t/10 ql
1
50
110
Topsoil on a fissured limestone
substrate
6.5 t/10 ql
1
45
120
Moderately deep chalk soil
7.5 t/10 ql
1
45
135
Deep chalk soil
9 t/11 ql
1 or 2
45 (1); 55 (2)
150
Deep silt
10 t
2
55
160
Alluvium soil
12 t
2
55
140
Chalky area of Champagne
Chalk gravel
7.5 t/10 ql
1 or 2
45 (1); 55 (2)
130
Chalk on surface
8 t/10 ql
1 or 2
45 (1); 55 (2)
145
Without surface chalk or chalk
grey or coloured
12 t/11 ql
1 or 2
45 (1); 55 (2)
160
Humid valleys in the
Champagne region
Clay + 45%
8 t/10 ql
1 or 2
45 (1); 55 (2)
140
Limestone clay on a bank
6 t/10 ql
1 or 2
55
160
25% clay, silt
>10 t
2
55
160
Sand
6 t/10 ql
1 or 2
55
160
Note
:
a
1 = grain harvested; 2 = hurds harvested.
Biological methods of control
Table 5.7.
Treatment of seed stock.
•
Use of mycoherbicides (
Fusarium oxyspo-
rum
is effective against
orobanche
on
tomatoes).
Name of
product
Growth
starter
Fungicide
Insecticide
Combicoat 1
*
Combicoat 2
*
*
Chemical methods of control
Combicoat 3
*
*
IST enrobé
*
*
•
Injection of gaseous ethylene into the
IST pelliculé
*
*
ground to provoke the degeneration and
death of
orobanche
seeds.
Use of glyphosphate at low doses.
Téprosyn
2498
*
*
•
The most efficient way of controlling
orobanche
in hemp is a system of integrated
pest management (IPM) that entails a combi-
nation of chemical, biological and physical
strategies together with resistant or highly
tolerant cultivars and/or the creation of
associations.
The FNPC began investigating
orobanche
control in hemp in 1998 and continues to do
so to this day. Three techniques have been
evaluated: solarization, glyphosate and false
seeding. Unfortunately, the results obtained
are incomplete and do not allow conclusions
to be drawn about the efficacy of these
Téprosyn
3090
*
*
Captane
*
Thirame
*
Jumper
*
*
Untreated
*
techniques. These trials do, however, allow us
to conclude that:
•
Solarization - using a plastic sheet spread
over the ground for 3-4 weeks - is very
difficult to accomplish on a wide scale. It
also poses a problem for hemp producers
