Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fathead.minnow.
(
Pimephales
promelas
)
1-200.nm
500.μg/L.BF.for.48.hr.
(static.renewal)
Lipid.peroxidation.
(LPO).in.brain.and.
gill;.induction.of.
CYP2.isoenzymes.
in.liver
100%.mortality.in.THF-nC60.
exposed.ish;.nC60.ish.
showed.“no.obvious.
physical.effects.after.48.hr.”
Study.shows.use.of.THF.as.a.
vehicle.to.solubilize.BF.into.
water.can.confound.the.
results.of.toxicity.assays..
Water-stirred.nC60.
signiicantly.increased.LPO.
in.gill.but.not.brain,.and.
induced.CYP2.enzymes.in.
liver.
[17]
Water.lea.(
Daphnia
magna
)
10-20.iltered;.20-
100.uniltered
40,.180,.260,.350,.
440,.510,.700.800.
mg/L.BF
%.Survival
LOEC.(iltered).260.mg/L.
(14%.mortality)..LOEC.
(sonicated).=..0.5.mg/L
C60.solvent.treated.prior.to.
test;.LC50.(iltered).=.460.
mg/L;.LC50.(sonicated).=.7.9.
mg/L
[4]
Water.lea.(
Daphnia
magna
)
10-20.nm
260.mg/L.BF
Change.in.hopping.
frequency,.heart.
rate,.and.appendage.
movement
Hopping.frequency.increased.
(3x;.slight.increase.in.heart.
rate.and.appendage.
movement).
Solvent.pretreatment.(to.get.
into.solution).of.C60.prior.to.
bioassay.
[5]
Water.lea.(
Daphnia
magna
)
1-200.nm
Daphnia:
5,.10,.25,.
100,.500,.1000,.5000.
μg/L.BF.for.48.hr.
(BF.prepped.w/.and.
w/o.THF)
48.hr.LC50.(static.
renewal)
LC50.for.
Daphnia
.exposed.to.
THF-nC60.was.“at.least.one.
order.of.magnitude.less.(0.8.
ppm).than.for.water-stirred-
nC60.(>35.ppm).”
Study.shows.use.of.THF.as.a.
vehicle.to.solubilize.BF.into.
water.can.confound.the.
results.of.toxicity.assays.
[17]
Water.lea.(
Daphnia
magna
)
10-20.nm
260.mg/L.FD
Change.in.hopping.
frequency,.heart.
rate,.and.appendage.
movement
Hopping.frequency.increased.
(3x;.slight.decrease.in.heart.
rate.and.increase.in.
appendage.movement).
Solvent.pretreatment.(to.get.
into.solution).of.C60.prior.to.
bioassay.
[5]
Zebraish.(
Danio
rerio
.--.embryos)
~100.nm
1.5.mg/L.BF
%.Survival
Decreased.survival.(<80%.at.
48.hr,.<45%.at.96.hr).
Solvent.pretreatment.(to.get.
into.solution).of.C60.prior.to.
bioassay.
[2]
