Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
7 Treatmentof
Nanoparticlesin
Wastewater
Kim M. Henry
AMECEarth&Environmental
Kathleen Sellers
ARCADISU.S.,Inc.
Contents
7.1. Mass.Balance.Considerations...................................................................... 156
7.1.1. Case.Study:.SilverCareā„¢.Washing.Machine..................................... 157
7.1.2. Case.Study:.Socks.with.Nano.Silver................................................ 159
7.2. Treatment.Processes.................................................................................... 160
7.2.1. Sedimentation................................................................................... 160
7.2.2. Coagulation.and.Flocculation........................................................... 161
7.2.3. Activated.Sludge............................................................................... 162
7.2.4. Sand.Filters....................................................................................... 164
7.2.5. Membrane.Separation....................................................................... 165
7.2.6. Disinfection...................................................................................... 165
7.3.. Summary..................................................................................................... 165
References............................................................................................................... 166
Commercial.products.incorporating.nanomaterials.eventually.reach.the.end.of.their.
usable.life. Sunbathers.wash.sunscreen.containing.titanium.dioxide.(TiO 2 ).nanopar-
ticles.from.their.skin;.antimicrobial.silver.particles.drain.from.washing.machines.in.
the.rinse.cycle;.paints.and.coatings.lake;.or.materials.are.landilled. What.happens.
to.those.nanoparticles.at.the.end.of.product.life? In.short,.no.one.knows. Initial.atten-
tion.has.focused.on.the.fate.of.nanoparticles.in.wastewater.treatment. Nanoparticles.
can.enter.a.municipal.wastewater.treatment.plant.as.a.result.of.commercial.use.and.
discharge. Wastewater. discharges. from. manufacturing. processes. also. can. contain.
nanoparticles. As.illustrated.by.examples.in.this.chapter,.however,.the.discharge.and.
fate.of.nanomaterials.is.dificult.to.quantify.
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