Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
size distribution
Electrostatic.classiier.(DMA,.
NDMA,.DMPS,.SMPS)
Particle.distribution.based.on.
assumed.spherical.shape
5.nm.
Monitors.on.real-time.basis;.size.
will.not.necessarily.be.same.as.
from.imaging.technique.
Releases.during.nanopowder.
use.[33]
Cascade.impactor,.MOUDI
Particle.distribution.based.on.
aerodynamic.diameter
<30.nm.diameter.<10.nm.
(MOUDI).
Time-integrated.average.
distributions;.particles.collected.
may.be.analyzed.subsequently.by.
microscopy
Ambient.air.studies,.vehicle.
emissions.[35]
Electrical.impactor.(ELPI)
Particle.distribution.based.on.
aerodynamic.diameter
7.nm,.>90.nanoparticles/
cm
3
.air;.5.ng/m3
Real-time.particle.counts
Indoor.air,.ambient.air.studies,.
vehicular.emissions.[36,.37]
Light.scattering.(DLS,.PLS,.
QELS)
Particle.size.based.on.
hydrodynamic.diameter
0.7.nm.
In situ
.measurements.possible
Characterization.of.
nanomaterials.prior.to.
laboratory.studies.[38-40]
Particle Concentration/surface area in air
Condensation.particle.counter
Particle.concentration.in.air.
stream
3.nm
No.information.on.particle.size,.
shape.composition..Hand-held.units.
available,.real-time.data..
Indoor.air.monitoring,.worker.
exposure.studies.[43]
Electrical.aerosol.detector
Aerosol.diameter.concentration,.
calculated.from.a.number.
concentration.multiplied.by.
average.diameter
10.nm
Real-time.data.generation,.ield-
portable.instrumentation
Ambient.air.studies.[45]
Particles in aqueous samples
Field-Flow.Fractionation
Particle.separation.by.size
1.nm.diameter;.1-5000.
ng/L.for.elemental.
composition
Must.be.combined.with.subsequent.
analysis.to.assess.size,.(e.g.,.DLS)..
Can.combine.with.ICPMS,.ESEM.
Natural.colloids,.iron.oxide/
hydroxide.colloids.[49,.50]
