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Mapping UML to Labeled Transition Systems
for Test-Case Generation
A Translation via Object-Oriented Action Systems
Willibald Krenn 1 , Rupert Schlick 2 , and Bernhard K. Aichernig 1
1 Institute for Software Technology, Graz University of Technology, Austria
{ wkrenn,aichernig } @ist.tugraz.at
2 Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
Rupert.Schlick@ait.ac.at
Abstract. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a well known and
widely used standard for building software models. While it is familiar
to many software engineers, it lacks standardized formal semantics. In
this paper, we extend on the formalism of object-oriented action systems
(OOAS) and describe a mapping of a selected UML-subset to OOAS by
choosing one of the several possible semantics of UML. This mapping,
together with the introduction of a trace semantics for OOAS, paves
the way for applying tools for and theory of labeled transition systems
to UML-models. As a running example, we use a car alarm system in
the context of model-based test-case generation and show how the UML
mapping is done.
1
Introduction
Today, embedded computer systems constitute an integral part of almost all
technology surrounding us. They are increasingly integrated in safety-relevant
systems, either in any kind of vehicles, medical equipment, or industrial or public
control systems. Evidently, any possible measure has to be taken to ensure the
dependability of such systems, from early planning and design to final installation
and maintenance.
The standards EN 50128 and IEC 61508 recommend the use of formal meth-
ods, especially at higher Safety Integrity Levels (SILs). However, despite the
decades of research dedicated to formal methods, most engineers still lack ex-
perience and confidence in this field. Techniques like theorem proving or model
checking are rarely applied to large and complex systems.
Therefore, testing remains the preferred method of verification, despite the
fact that it is very expensive. In general, about half of the overall effort of a
project is dedicated to testing, and for safety-relevant projects the amount of
time spent on testing is even higher. Consequently, there is a huge demand for
Research herein was funded by the EU FP7 project ICT-216679, Model-based Gen-
eration of Tests for Dependable Embedded Systems (MOGENTES).
 
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