Database Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 2
Community-Contributed Media Collections:
Knowledge at Our Fingertips
Tania Cerquitelli, Alessandro Fiori, and Alberto Grand
Abstract The widespread popularity of the Web has supported collaborative
efforts to build large collections of community-contributed media. For example,
social video-sharing communities like YouTube are incorporating ever-increasing
amounts of user-contributed media, or photo-sharing communities like Flickr are
managing a huge photographic database at a large scale. The variegated abundance
of multimodal, user-generated material opens new and exciting research perspec-
tives and contextually introduces novel challenges. This chapter reviews different
collections of user-contributed media, such as YouTube, Flickr, and Wikipedia, by
presenting the main features of their online social networking sites. Different
research efforts related to community-contributed media collections are presented
and discussed. The works described in this chapter aim to (a) improve the automatic
understanding of this multimedia data and (b) enhance the document classification
task and the user searching activity on media collections.
2.1
Introduction
The past few years have witnessed the steady growth of Web-based communities
such as social networking sites, blogs, and media-sharing communities. This recent
trend in the WWW technology, commonly known as Web 2.0, finds its natural
outcome in the emergence of well-known online media-sharing communities.
For example, licensed broadcasters and production companies were historically
the only publishers of video content in online Video-on-Demand (VoD) systems.
However, the advent of video-sharing communities, partially supported by the
popularity of affordable hand-held video recording devices (e.g., digital cameras,
camera phones), has reshaped roles. Nowadays, hundreds of millions of Internet
users are self-publishing consumers. This has resulted in user-generated content
(UGC) becoming a popular and everyday part of the Internet culture, thus creating
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