Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 8
N
ON
-T
RADITIONAL
A
MELIORANTS
A. V. Lednev
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences,
Izhevsk, Udmurt Republic, Russia
A
BSTRACT
Clay minerals, especially bentonite clay, play a huge role in a variety of industries,
however, in agriculture their use is currently limited to undeserved. In a series of
laboratory and field experiments established the high efficiency of these non-traditional
ameliorants on fertility of low humus sod-podzolic soils. Entering them to the soil
significantly have increased the amount of total exchangeable bases, improved structure,
protected the nutrient from being washed out, and mineralization of humus. All this
contributed to increasing productivity on 12-40 %. The lower the fertility of initial soil,
the higher the useful effect observed from entering bentonite clay. Through the use of
original technology of entering ameliorants the top five-centimeter layer of soil (making
mulch layer) was able to achieve decrease of traditional rates of clay application from
100-200 t-ha
-1
to 4.8 t-ha
-1
without reducing their effectiveness.
Keywords
: Bentonite clays, ameliorant, soil fertility, mulching, mulch layer, reclamation,
clay minerals, sod-podzolic soils, soil moisture, soil consistency, soil feature, crop yield
I
NTRODUCTION
Clay minerals are valuable natural resources, which found its application in various fields
of human activity. It is now known a large number of clay minerals that differ from each
other in crystal-chemical structure and chemical composition.
A special place among the ranks of clay minerals has occupied montmorillonite, derives
its name from the place of Montmorillon in France, where was first opened.
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