Agriculture Reference
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emphasizing an increased interest in ellagic acid during the past decade due to its possible
antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidative effects.
Compared to different fertilizer type, significantly higher contents of ellagic, gallic and
protochatecuic acids were recorded in biofertilizer
nutrient
application, whereas the
concentration of
p
-coumaric acid was found to be stable in both treatments. Wang and Lin
(2003) also showed that the fertilizer type affected contents of ellagic acid in strawberry fruit,
reporting that the addition of compost as a soil supplement significantly enhanced contents of
ellagic acid in strawberry fruit.
Our previous investigation also reported that phenolic acids content is greatly influenced
by the cultivar (Milivojević et al., 2011). The present study showed that cv. ‗Dely' with the
smallest fruit size had the highest level
of the examined phenolic acids
. C
onsidering the
interaction effect of the fertilizer type and cultivar,
‗Dely' exhibited a 3-fold higher value of
p
-coumaric acid compared to other cultivars tested. However, cultivar did not express a
significant influence on the ellagic acid content.
Among a wide range of the phenolic compounds in strawberry fruits, anthocyanins are
quantitatively the most important type (Crespo et al., 2010). Anthocyanins belong to the
flavonoid group and are responsible for the bright red colour of strawberry fruits. Despite a
great number of anthocyanins that are identified in strawberry fruits, pelargonidin-3-
glucoside, pelargonidin-3-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside represent over 95% of the total
anthocyanin bulk present in most strawberry fruits (Lopes da Silva et al., 2007).
In the present study
cyanidin-3-glucoside
and
pelargonidin-3-glucoside
were separated
and identified.
Pelargonidin-3-glucoside has been found to be the major anthocyanin form in
the study. This has already been reported by Mikulic-Petkovsek et al. (2013) who confirmed
the presence of pelargonidin-3-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-malonylglucoside which
combined represented 85-95% of the total analyzed anthocyanins.
With regard to fertilizer application, biofertilizer enhanced the contents of both cyanidin-
3-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-glucoside in strawberry fruit. Wang and Lin (2002), also
revealed that the fertilizer type significantly influenced the anthocyanin content in
strawberries. They concluded that the increased anthocyanins content (in the fertilizer and
compost treatment) was associated with increased antioxidant capacities which may allow for
quenching of the excited state of active oxygen species.
There was a marked difference in the
reported anthocyanin content (Olsson et al., 2006; Lopes da Silva et al., 2007; Hernanz et al.,
2007).
It can be explained by
the influence of various factors, such as genetic differences
between the cultivars, the degree of maturity at harvest, cultivation techniques and
environmental conditions. The results of our study revealed that cv. 'Joly' ranked the highest
in terms of cyanidin-3-glucoside content
,
whereas no significant differences between the
other two cultivars were recorded. Interestingly, the
highest level of
pelargonidin-3-glucoside
was detected in cv. 'Clery'.
Moreover, this cultivar contained a 4-fold higher amount of pelargonidin-3-glucoside
than quantity of cyanidin-3-glucoside. Cultivars rich in anthocyanins also contained high
amounts of total phenolics, since anthocyanins represent a large share of them.
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