Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
if reduced systems with co-located accelerator and patient treatment table can
meet the safety standards set for medical applications. Initial tests of the dielectric
wall accelerators show promising results, but a full energy system still needs to
be build, the beam characteristics studied, and a delivery system including online
monitoring and quality assurance developed and certified. Laser plasma accelerators
are progressing rapidly and first in vitro experiments have already been performed. It
will be interesting to see how this technology can be scaled up to clinically relevant
energies. While all proposals discussed here could eventually lead to smaller,
and thereby cheaper, treatment centers, one should not forget the fact, that the
utmost important component in all this is the patient. The requirement on medical
equipment are very stringent and new ideas have to undergo numerous tests before
being allowed for medical use. The development of particle therapy began in 1946
with Robert Wilson's seminal paper, and more than 60 years later, cancer therapy
with particle beams from cyclotrons and synchrotrons is still improving through
careful studies of biological effects, treatment delivery options, online monitoring
and quality assurance. Any new technology entering the field will have to measure
up to these standards, for the safety of the patients and for the continuing growth of
this field. But we can be convinced that particle beam cancer therapy will conquer a
growing position in cancer care.
Acknowledgements
This work was partially supported by the DFG under contract WE3565-3
and the NSF under grant # CBET 0853157. MHH acknowledges support by the EU through a
Marie Curie Fellowship under contract # PIIF-GA-2009-234814.
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