Biology Reference
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TABLE 4.1
Inluence of Laboratory Exposure to Contaminants on AChE and Behavior in Different Aquatic Species
Mode of
Contamination
Zoological
Taxon
Molecule
Species
AChE Inhibition
Behavioral Impairment
Reference
Pesticide
Chlorpyrifos
Amphibian
Rana sphenocephala
Inhibition (whole
body)
(maximum inhibition,
43%)
-
Widder and Bidwell 2006
Pesticides
Carbofuran
Molinate
Fish (larvae)
Pimephales promelas
Inhibition at higher
concentrations (pool)
Swimming capacity
reduced
Sensibility to electric
shock increased
Heath et al. 1997
Pesticide
Carbofuran
Fish (larvae)
Oreochromis
niloticus
Inhibition (pool)
Swimming speed
Attacks to prey
Pessoa et al. 2011
Pesticide
Carbaryl
Fish (larvae)
Oncorhynchus
mykiss
Inhibition (50%) in
brain
Swimming speed
decreased
Beauvais et al. 2001
Pesticides
Malathion
Diazinon
Fish
Oncorhynchus
mykiss
Inhibition in brain
Swimming speed and
distance decreased
Brewer et al. 2001
Pesticide
Chlorpyrifos
Fish (juvenile)
Oncorhynchus
kisutch
Inhibition in brain and
muscle
Swimming, feeding
Sandahl et al. 2005
Pesticide
Endosulfan
Fish
Channa punctata
Inhibition
Surfacing activity,
distance traveled
enhanced
Gopal et al. 1985
Pesticides
Malathion
Diazinon
Fish (larvae)
Oncorhynchus
mykiss
Inhibition in brain
Swimming speed
decreased
Beauvais et al. 2000
Pesticides
Mixture (diazinon,
chlorpyrifos,
malathion,
carbaryl,
carbofuran)
Fish
Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha
Inhibition in olfactory
tissues
-
Scholz et al. 2006
Pesticides
Carbofuran
Deltamethrin
Fish
Tinca tinca
Inhibition in brain
No inhibition in brain
-
Hernandez-Moreno et al.
2010
Pesticide
Diazinon
Fish
Morone saxatilis
×
M. chrysops
Inhibition in brain
Time to capture prey
increased
Gaworecki et al. 2009
Pesticide
Malathion
Insect (larvae)
Hydropsyche slossonae
Inhibition (pool)
Anomalies on capture nets
Tessier et al. 2000
Pesticide
Deltamethrine
Insect (larvae)
Chironomus xanthus
Inhibition in head
Feeding rates decreased
Moreira-Santos et al. 2005
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