Linking Immunotoxicity and Ecotoxicological Effects at Higher Biological Levels - Ecological Biomarkers: Indicators of Ecotoxicological Effects - page 153

Ross, P.S. et al. 1994. Relative immunocompetence of the newborn harbour seal, Phoca vitulina. Vet.
Immunol. Immunopathol . 42:331-48.
Ross, P.S. et al. 1996. Suppression of natural killer cell activity in harbour seals ( Phoca vitulina ) fed
Baltic Sea herring. Aquat. Toxicol . 34:71-84.
Ross, P.S. et al. 2000. High PCB concentrations in free-ranging Pacific killer whales, Orcinus orca :
Effects of age, sex and dietary preference. Mar. Pollut. Bull . 40:504-15.
Ruiz, C.L. et al. 2009. Baseline circulating immunoglobulin G levels in managed collection and free-
ranging bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ). Dev. Comp. Immunol . 33:449-55.
Sabik, H. et al. 2003. Occurrence of alkylphenol polyethoxylates in the St. Lawrence River and their
bioconcentration by mussels ( Elliptio complanata ). Chemosphere 51:349-56.
Sami, S. et al. 1992. Alterations in cytometry characteristics of hemocytes from the American oyster
Crassostrea virginica exposed to a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated envi-
ronment. Mar. Biol . 113:247-52.
Sauvé, S. et al. 2002. Phagocytic activity of marine and freshwater bivalves: In vitro exposure of
hemocytes to metals (Ag, Cd, Hg and Zn). Aquat. Toxicol . 58:189-200.
Seibel, H. et al. 2010. Immunohistochemical characterization of selected cell markers for the detection
of hematopoietic cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin wax-embedded lymphoid tissues of harbor
seals ( Phoca vitulina ) and walruses ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus ). Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol .
137:305-9.
Severinsen, T. et al. 2000. Spatial distribution of persistent organochlorines in ringed seal ( Phoca his-
pida ) blubber. Mar. Environ. Res . 49:291-302.
Shi, X., S. Zhang, and Q. Pang. 2006. Vitellogenin is a novel player in defense reactions. Fish Shellfish
Immunol . 20:769-72.
Siebert, U. et al. 1999. Potential relation between mercury concentrations and necropsy findings in
cetaceans from German waters of the North and Baltic seas. Mar. Pollut. Bull . 38:285-95.
Sitt, T. et al. 2010. Cellular immune responses in cetaceans immunized with a porcine erysipelas vac-
cine. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol . 137:181-9.
Sormo, E.G. et al. 2005. Thyroid hormone status in gray seal ( Halichoerus grypus ) pups from the Baltic Sea
and the Atlantic Ocean in relation to organochlorine pollutants. Environ. Toxicol. Chem . 24:610-6.
Sormo, E.G. et al. 2009. Immunotoxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in free-ranging gray seal
pups with special emphasis on dioxin-like congeners. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 72A:266-76.
St-Laurent, G., and D. Archambault. 2000. Molecular cloning, phylogenetic analysis and expression
of beluga whale ( Delphinapterus leucas ) interleukin 6. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol . 73:31-44.
St-Laurent, G. et al. 1999. Molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis of beluga whale ( Delphinapterus
leucas ) and grey seal ( Halichoerus grypus ) interleukin 2. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol . 67:385-94.
Stefano, G.B. et al. 1993. Opiate-like substances in an invertebrate, an opiate receptor on invertebrate
and human immunocytes, and a role in immunosuppression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
90:11099-103.
Sumpter, J.P., and S. Jobling. 1995. Vitellogenesis as a biomarker for estrogenic contamination of the
aquatic environment. Environ. Health Perspect . 103:173-8.
Tabuchi, M. et al. 2006. PCB-related alteration of thyroid hormones and thyroid hormone recep-
tor gene expression in free-ranging harbor seals ( Phoca vitulina ). Environ. Health Perspect .
114:1024-31.
Tanabe, S. et al. 1994. Global contamination by persistent organochlorines and their ecotoxicological
impact on marine mammals. Sci. Total Environ . 154:163-77.
Thompson, P.M., and A.J. Hall. 1993. Seals and epizootics—What factors might affect the severity of
mass mortalities? Mammal Rev . 23:149-54.
Trottier, C. et al. 2009. Retinoids inhibit measles virus through a type I IFN-dependent bystander
effect. FASEB 23:3203-12.
Vethaak, A.D. et al. 2005. An integrated assessment of estrogenic contamination and biological effects
in the aquatic environment of The Netherlands. Chemosphere 59:511-24.
Voccia, I. et al. 1994. In vitro mercury-related cytotoxicity and functional assay of immune cells of
rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ). Aquat. Toxicol . 29:37-48.