Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Eco-Efficiency Analysis compares the environmental impact of a product or process against
its economical attractiveness, whereas the GreenList
™
system classifies raw materials based
on their impact on the environment and human health.
Other indicators have been developed at different scales to evaluate the environmental
performance of systems, including the planet, countries, regions, communities, cities,
companies, processes, and technologies. These indicators can be applied to the systems of
interest without the need of conducting an LCA. The most relevant indicators for the food
industry are intensity of manufacturing, recycling metrics, and transportation indicators. Also,
institutional indicators are available, which quantify sustainability initiatives by companies or
organizations, the most important being the AIChE Sustainability Index, the LOHAS Index
™
,
and the DJSI.
REFERENCES
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The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
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Bare, J. C., Norris. G. A., Pennington, D. W. and McKone, T. 2003. TRACI: The tool for the reduction and
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Journal of Industrial Ecology
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production in Italy.
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Friend, G. 1998. EcoMetrics: Integrating direct and indirect environmental costs and benefits into management
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Environmental Quality Management
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Chemical Engineering Journal
133 (1-3): 7-30.
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International Organization for Standardization (ISO). 2006a.
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. Geneva: ISO.
