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6 Standardization of UHD Video Coding Technology
6.1 Realization of UHD Video Application
When UHD video is considered, video coding technology is required to reduce the
huge amount of information. An improvement in a compression ratio is needed
while maintaining a high quality and ultra high resolution. Furthermore, from the
scale and the cost of the video coding technology realized, UHD video technology
is required to be a system which is more conscious of implementation. UHD video
requires different inputs and outputs of a sensor and a device compared to present
systems. Therefore, it is necessary to take the characteristics of those devices into
consideration. Even if UHD video technology follows the framework of existing
video encoding methods, its high resolution may change the optimal coding pa-
rameters. This change may result in the replacement of some coding tools in the
current system. There is also the possibility that techniques which could be real-
ized only in simulation are not able to be utilized in practical codecs because of
memory integration, calculation complexity and device cost.
6.2 Next Generation Video Coding Standard
JVT have moved the principal axis of their activities toward the addition of other
functionalities such as SVC (Scalable Video Coding) and MVC (Multi-view
Video Coding) after the standardization of AVC/H.264 High Profile. However,
since the development of UHD video devices has become remarkable from 2008
to 2009 and the necessity for UHD video coding was appealed from Japan, the ar-
gument of the standardization of a next generation video coding has become active
toward the development of HVC (High performance Video Coding) in MPEG
since April 2009. Then, MPEG invited the public to submit evidence of new video
coding technologies that fulfill the conditions for UHD video, and evaluated the
proposed technologies at the meeting in June-July 2009 [11]. As a result of this
study, MPEG decided to work towards issuing a formal call for proposals and ini-
tiating the development of a new video coding standard. The current plan is to col-
lect proposals in 2009, and to issue an international standard in 2012 or 2013. At
the same time, VCEG is considering the improvement of video coding efficiency
and the reduction of the complexity based on AVC/H.264 as KTA (Key Technical
Areas). KTA has started to be discussed since 2005 and has continued to be added
new coding tools. Then, the examination of NGVC (Next Generation Video Cod-
ing) was started in 2009, which is assumed to be used for UHD video, HD broad-
casting, HD video conference, mobile entertainment, etc. A draft document de-
scribing the collection of test sequences and the requirement of NGVC was
created during the Yokohama meeting in April 2009. The requirement was up-
dated and the working title was changed from NGVC to EPVC (Enhanced Per-
formance Video Coding) during the Geneva meeting in July 2009. In addition, the
cooperation between MPEG and VCEG is likely to be established. The require-
ment conditions of MPEG HVC [29] and VCEG EPVC [30] are shown below.
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