Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Tabl e C . 1
Electrochemical series of a selected number of elements. The IUPAC sign convention
is followed
Electrochemical reaction
E
0
(in V vs. SHE)
Au
3
C
C
3e
•
Au
C
1:50
O
2
C
4
H
C
C
4
e
• 2H
2
O
C1.2
Pt
2
C
C
2
e
•Pt
C
1:20
Ag
C
Ce
•Ag
C
0:80
Hg
C
2
2
1
2
e
C
•
Hg
C
0:79
Cu
2
C
C
2e
•
Cu
C
0:34
H
C
C
e
1
2
•
H
2
0.00
Ni
2
C
C
2
e
•
Ni
0.23
Co
2
C
C
2
e
•
Co
0.28
Fe
2
C
C
2
e
•
Fe
0.44
Cr
3
C
C
3
e
•
Cr
0.74
2e
V(II)
C
•
V
1.18
e
Al
3
C
3
•
Al
1.66
Ti
3
C
3
e
•Ti
1.80
Mg
2
C
C
2
e
•Mg
2.36
Nb
2
O
5
C 10H
C
C10e
•2Nb C 5H
2
O
0.65
Ta
2
O
5
C 10H
C
C 10e
•2Nb C 5H
2
O
0.81
TiO
2
C 4H
C
C 4e
•Ti C 2H
2
O
0.86
4H
C
C
4e
ZrO
2
C
•
Zr
C
2H
2
O
1.43
Tabl e C . 2
Electrochemical series of alloys as determined by Clarke et al. [
86
]. Potentials
determined
in equine serum, normalized to the NHE; for loss of weight see text; (-) n
o data given
Alloy/element
Identification
AHE
Loss of weight
mg/mm
2
mV
Titanium
3768
-
Platina
1718
nil
Cr-Ni-Mo
Langalloy 5R
1143
-
Cr-Co-Mo
Vitallium
918
nil
18Cr-8Ni-3.25Mo
768
nil
Zirconium
588
nil
Tabl e C . 3
Pitting potential of metallic biomaterials in Hank's solution and re-passivating time in
0.9% NaCl (pH
D
7.4). Reproduced from Breme [
90
]
Alloy
E
pitt
Re-passivation time (ms)
t
e
t
0:05
V
0.5 V
C
0:5
V
0.5 V
C
0:5V
>
>
FeCrNiMo(316L)
0.2-0.3
72,000
35
72,000
6,000
C
0:42
>
CoCr (cast)
44.4
36
6,000
6,000
CoNiCr (worked)
C
0:42
35.5
41
>
6,000
5,300
TiAl6V4
C
2:0
37
41
43.4
45.8
cp-Ti
C
2:4
43
44.4
47.4
49
cp-Ta
C
2:25
41
40
43
45
cp-Nb
C
2:5
47.6
43.1
47
85
