Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 15.1
Prebiotic applications in shellfish species.
Crustacean
species
Develop-
mental
stage
Prebiotic
Dose
Route of
administ-
ration
Trial
duration
Result
Reference
Shrimp
Black tiger prawn
Penaeus monodon
Juvenile (0.4
±
0.06 g)
MOS
1,2,4and8gkg
-1
Dietary
63 days
↑
final weight,
↑
SGR,
↑
wet tail muscle
Sang
et al
. (2014)
index,
↑
dry tail muscle index,
↑
tail mus-
cle protein,
↑
total haemocyte count,
↑
↑
epithelial layer and
epithelial cell den-
sity
1,2,4,6and8gkg
-1
↑
(1-8 g kg
-1
),
↓
Pacific white shrimp
Litopenaeus
vannamei
Juvenile (2.52
±
0.01 g)
MOS
Dietary
56 days
final weight
FCR
Zhang
et al.
(2012)
(1-8 g kg
-1
),
↑
weight gain (2-8 g
kg
-1
),
↑
SGR (2-8 g kg
-1
),
↑
microvilli
length (2-8 g kg
-1
),
↑
survival
(NH
3
stress) (2-8 g kg
-1
)
2gkg
-1
in
combination with
different
Bacillus
spp.(
B. licheniformis
,
B. subtilis
)
↑
↓
Shrimp
Penaeus japonicus
Juvenile (5.20
±
0.15 g)
IMO
+
Bacillus
spp.
Dietary
42 days
total bacterial counts,
Vibrio
counts,
Zhang
et al.
(2011)
↑
↑
↑
phenoloxidase activity,
lysozyme,
↑
nitric oxide synthase,
superoxide dis-
↑
mutase activity,
resistance against
V.
alginolyticus
60mg l
-1
at mysis
stages and 50mg l
-1
at post larval stages
→
Indian white shrimp
Fenneropenaeus
indicus
Mysis stage 1-3
and post larval
stage 1-8
Inulin
Enriched live
feed -
Artemia
nauplii
14 and
22 days
mysis and post larvae growth perfor-
mance,
Hoseinifar
et al.
(2010)
↑
survival in post larvae
0.1,0.3 and 0.5 g kg
-1
Dietary
→
→
Pacific white shrimp
Litopenaeus
vannamei
Fingerlings
(0.0528 g)
XOS
56 days
final weight,
weight gain ratio,
Wang
et al.
(2010)
→
↓
↑
SGR,
FCR,
feed efficiency (0.3 g
kg
-1
),
↑
peroxidase,
↑
superoxide dis-
mutase,
↑
lysozyme and
↑
phenoloxi-
dase activity,
↑
serum albumin levels,
↑
body protein (0.1 g kg
-1
)
Western king prawn
Penaeus latisulcatus
Juveniles (4.63
±
0.39 g)
MOS
5 g kg
-1
Dietary
84 days
↑
SGR,
↓
FCR,
→
survival,
↓
% hyaline
Hai and Fotedar
(2009)
cells,
↑
% granular and semi granular
cells,
↓
haemolymph clotting time
Pacific white shrimp
Litopenaeus
vannamei
Average weight
=
1.75 g
IMO
+
Bacillus
OJ
2gkg
-1
IMO
+
10
6
,
10
8
CFU g
-1
Dietary
28 days
↑
immune parameters (10
8
+
2gkg
-1
),
Li J.
et al.
(2009)
→
immune parameters (2 g kg
-1
IMO),
↑
protection from the white spot syn-
drome virus (WSSV) (10
8
+
2gkg
-1
)
(continued overleaf )
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