Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Standard value of material strength should be determined according to current the national
standard
Unified Standard for the Design of Structures
. Probability distribution of material
strength ought to be normal distribution or logarithmic normal distribution. Standard value
of material strength should be determined by the 0.05 quantile of its probability distribution.
When test data is not sucient, standard values of material performance may be values
specified in relevant standards, or determined through analysis, associating with practical
experiences.
e. When the surface temperature of concrete structure is higher than 60
◦
Cinalongterm,
or the surface temperature of steel structure is higher than 150
◦
Cinalongterm,itis
necessary to take the temperature influence on material into consideration.
f. Geometric parameters of structures or members in checking calculation should be actual
tested values. Each situation should be taken into consideration, such as damage, corrosion,
rust-eaten, deviation, weakening of the members and excessive deformation of structures or
members.
2.5.2
Building Damage Degree Assessment Method
Building damage degree assessment is a gradation method based on the damage degree
of the building. The five grades are: intact buildings, basically intact buildings, generally
damaged buildings, seriously damaged buildings, and dangerous buildings. The danger-
ous buildings are determined by the definition of the dangerous members and dangerous
buildings specified in
Standard of Dangerous Building Appraisal
, and the grading of intact
buildings, basically intact buildings, generally damaged buildings, seriously damaged build-
ings is determined according to the
Evaluation Standard of the Building Damage Degree
.
Main jobs in the building damage degree assessment are as follows.
(1) The buildings are divided into the following types according to the structure forms
Reinforced concrete structure-the main bearing structure is constructed with reinforced
concrete.
Hybrid structure-the main bearing structure is constructed with reinforced concrete and
brick and/or wood.
Brick-wood structure-the main bearing structure is constructed with woods and bricks.
Other structure-the main bearing structure is constructed with bamboo, brick or soil.
(2) Building damage degree standard
There are four grades for the building damage degree: intact, basically intact, generally
damaged and seriously damaged. The standard gives the qualifications of intact, basically
intact, generally damaged and seriously damaged degree for every kind of structure, deco-
ration and facility (structural components of all kinds of buildings including: foundation,
bearing members, non-bearing walls, roofs and floors; decoration including doors and win-
dows, plastering of internal and external walls, ceiling and fine wood decoration; facilities
including water supply and lavatory, illuminating system, heating system and other special
facilities like fire hydrants and lightening conductors. For example, to reach the standard
of “basically intact,” the structure should meet the qualifications such as: the foundation
of the structure has bearing capacity, with a little uneven settlement that may exceed the
limit but has been stable; the bearing members may have a little damage but are basically
substantial.
The method of building damage degree evaluation is to evaluate each part seperately
according to the damage degree of each part of the building, including structure, decoration
and facilities.
Although the
Evaluation Standard of the Building Damage Degree
has specified the qual-
ifications of each damage degree, sometimes in the practice of evaluation, it is dicult to
