Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 5
Cross sections of air-based PV/T modules (Zhang et al.
2012
)
the enhanced cooling effectiveness due to higher thermal mass of water over the
air, and therefore, both the thermal and electrical efficiencies of the systems would
be higher. Zondag et al. (
2003
) addressed several water flow patterns in the PV/T,
namely sheet-and-tube, channel, free-flow and two-absorber types, which are
shown schematically in Fig.
6
.
Refrigerant-Based PV/T
In recent years, refrigerant-based PV/T heat pump systems have been studied.
Kern and Russell (
1978
) initially proposed a simple PV/T collectors connected
with heat pump systems and studied their energy-saving and economic benefits.
Recent study suggested a novel concept of PV/T module for heat pump applica-
tion. This module lays the direct expansion evaporation coils underneath the PV
Fig. 6
Types of water PV/T collectors (Zhang et al.
2012
)
