Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The evaluation report of the EEWärmeG-BW (UM Baden-Württemberg
2011
)
has shown that in about 42 % of all refurbishment cases, a solar thermal system
has been installed, in 18 % a solid biomass, in 15 % biogas/bio oil, 3 % installed a
heat pump and about 7 % used an alternative measure according to the law. For
about 15 %, the obligation did not apply. In new buildings, the distribution dif-
fered significantly, led to about 34 % by alternative measures, 30 % heat pumps,
24 % solar thermal systems and 10 % solid biomass.
Whether the introduction of the obligation for existing buildings has led to a
permanent decrease in the modernisation rate of heating systems in Baden-
Württemberg cannot clearly be confirmed at this time.
Amendment of the EEWärmeG
The EEWärmeG is expected to be amended in 2013. According to the evalu-
ation report of the EEWärmeG (BMU
2012
; Hofmann et al.
2012
), an option is
also the expansion of the obligation for renewable energy systems to existing
buildings. The following possibilities are just examples extracted from (BMU
2012
; Hofmann et al.
2012
), which show how the building stock could generally
be addressed.
A principal consideration of the building stock is already stated in the European
Renewable
Energy
Directive
(European
Parliament
and
the
Council
of
the
European Union
2009
):
By 31 December 2014, Member States shall, in their building regulations and codes or by
other means with equivalent effect, where appropriate, require the use of minimum levels
of energy from renewable sources in new buildings and in existing buildings that are
subject to major renovation. Member States shall permit those minimum levels to be
fulfilled, inter alia, through district heating and cooling produced using a significant
proportion of renewable energy sources.
One way to address the building stock in the EEWärmeG is a regulative con-
sideration. Thus, the regulative requirement can be defined in different ways:
• Different minimum shares for renewable sources (technologies)
• Different trigger moments
• Temporally graduated regulations
• Combination with complementing financial incentives.
One concrete option to expand the obligation on existing buildings would be a
similar obligation as for new buildings.
Alternatively, the obligation can specifically be adjusted to existing buildings,
for example, through a reduced obligation in terms of minimum shares of the
heating demand that has to be covered by renewable energies. In order to achieve
the same effects as in the first option, a complementing financial incentive had to
be offered. Thus, the buildings owners would be motivated to voluntarily exceed
the obligation. This configuration would be similar to that in Baden-Württemberg.
A further way to address the building stock is to connect the reduced obligation
with another trigger moment, adjusted to criteria related to energy efficiency and
air pollution control (e.g. stepwise increase in requirements regarding existing
