ADOPTION OF MICRO IRRIGATION IN INDIA: FACTORS AND POLICIES - Management, Performance, and Applications of Micro Irrigation Systems - page 6

1.2.2 QUANTIFICATION OF BENEFITS AND DOUBLE-DIFFERENCE
METHODOLOGY
Farm level data were collected for both drip adopters and nonadopters before and after
drip irrigation technology. This enables the use of the double-difference method to
study the impacts due to adoption of drip irrigation. The framework was adopted from
the program evaluation by Maluccio and Flores [9].
In Table 1, the columns distinguish between the groups between drip adopters and
nondrip adopters and the rows distinguish between before and after the drip adoption.
This is best explained in the Fig. 1.

TABLE 1 Double-difference method.

Particulars Drip Adopters Non-adopters Difference across groups

After drip adoption D1 C1 D1-C1

Before drip adoption D0 C0 D0-CO

Difference across time D1-D0 C1-C0 Double difference

(D1-C1)-(D0-C0)

FIGURE 1 Illustration of impact of drip adoption by double difference method.

1.2.3 ADOPTION OF DRIP IRRIGATION
A key concern for policy makers is making the farm households adopting micro ir-
rigation technologies in order to manage the growing groundwater scarcity. Thus, an
important research question is what factors influence the decision of farm households