Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
son compared to the 1st season was 24.84, 16.93 and 4.87% in LHBIS, DIS and GPIS,
respectively. The differences in pruning weights between any two irrigation systems
were signifi cant at 5% level except those between LHBIS from one side and both DIS
and GPIS from the other side for the 1st season. The increase in pruning weight for
the 2nd season was 20.9, 20.27 and 11.09% in DIS, LHBIS and GPIS, respectively.
Based on crop yield, WU
S
E, WU
T
E and FUE, irrigation systems can be arranged
in the ascending order DIS>LHBIS>GPIS during 2002/2003 and 2003/2004. The dif-
ferences in yield between any two irrigation systems were signifi cant at 5% level for
both seasons. The increase in crop yield for the 2nd season compared to the 1st season
was maximum in DIS (42.64%), followed by LHBIS (41.26%), while the minimum
value (31.37%) was obtained under GPIS. Also the increases in both WU
S
E and WU
T
E
for the 2nd season compared to the 1st season were maximum in DIS (42 and 43%,
respectively), followed by the LHBIS (40.7 and 37%), while the minimum increase in
WU
S
E and WU
T
E was (30.6 and 32%, respectively) for GPIS. The increase in FUE of
N, P
2
O
5
, and K
2
O for 2nd season compared to the 1st season was (24, 23, 28%), (22%,
21%, 27%) and (9%, 8%, 14%) for DIS, LHBIS and GPIS, respectively.
The data reveal that total production cost was minimum (1260.1 LE/fed) in GPIS,
while the maximum value was 1414.3 LE/fed in DIS. On the other hand, total produc-
tion cost in LHBIS was 1317 LE/fed.
Net profi t of grape yield was 3335.7, 3058 and 2364.9 LE/fed in DIS, LHBIS and
GPIS, respectively.
The effects of both DIS and LHBIS were favorable on: water intake rate into the
soil, both moisture and salt pattern distributions, grapevine growth (leaf area, leaf dry
weight, branch number/vine, branch length, pruning weight, and crop load), yield,
water use effi ciency, water utilization effi ciency, fertilizer use effi ciency, yield quality
(juice volume, TSS, sugar content, cluster density, cluster length, cluster width, berry
diameter; berry volume). Since the net profi t in DIS and LHBIS exceeded than that of
GPIS, therefore DIS and LHBIS can be recommended to irrigate the old lands in both
the Delta and the Valley in Egypt.
KEYWORDS
•
Ain Shams University
•
Annual fixed cost
•
Annual Labor cost
•
Annual operating time
•
Berry diameter
•
Berry volume
•
Brake power
•
Branch length
•
Branch number
•
Bubbler irrigation system
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