Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
26
27
15
14
17
12
28
20
16
1
35
29
10
13
11
18
25
2
3
22
9
21
34
19
6
8
5
31
30
36
39
40
4
24
7
32
38
49
45
23
37
47
46
41
43
48
50
33
52
42
51
44
0
600
km
Sistema central
S. Pyrenees
S. E. Pyrenees
S. Cévennes
Mont Ventoux
E. Provence
Maritime Aips
Corsica
Sardinia
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Beira litoral
Estramadura
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Campania
S. Apennines
Sicilia
S. Calabria
Gargano
N. Istria
Velebit Mountains
S. Bosnia/Biokovo
Montenegro
C. Greece (Pindos)
Peloponnese
Crete
Chalkidiki peninsula
Izmit region
Boz/Aydin dag
S. W. Anatolia
C. Taurus
E. Taurus
Amanus
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
Israel/Palestine
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Cyprus
Cyrenaic (Lybia)
J. Zaghouan/Cap Bon
Petite Kabylie/de Collo
Grande Kabylie
Algarve
Cadiz/Algeciras region
Serrania de Ronda
Sierra Cazorla/Segura
Sierra Nevada/Gata
Tlemcen Mountains
Balearic Islands
Rif Mountains
Middle Atlas
High Atlas
Valencia region
Ebro Valley
Alpi Apuani
Olympe/Katalympos
Lebanon range
Souss/W. Anti Atlas
Figure 6.5
Species refugia in the Mediterranean. Reproduced from Medail and Diadema
(2009), with permission
Medail and Diadema (2009) identified 52 refugia, of which 33 are in the western
Mediterranean and 19 in the east. Moreover, half of the refugia correspond with
designated hotspots. Medail and Diadema conclude that these refugia are 'signifi-
cant reservoirs of unique genetic diversity favourable to the evolutionary processes
of Mediterranean plant species' and as such should be of high conservation priority.
Some 33 of these refugia are in mountain areas, where land of varied habitats be-
tween 400 and 800 m asl (and possibly higher) would have provided suitable habi-
tats and allowed treelines to move up and down depending on changes in climatic
severity. Examples of mainland mountains are the High and Middle Atlas, the Pyre-
nees, the Velebit Mountains of Croatia, the Amanus Mountains of southeast Turkey
and the Mountains of Lebanon (Figure 6.5).
6.4 Fauna
The mountains of the Mediterranean stand out as areas of high mammal species
richness with particularly high concentrations of threatened species found in the
mountains of Turkey, the Levant, and northwest Africa. Zoogeographically there
