Climate and hydrology - Mediterranean Mountain Environments - page 107

change, hydrological change, natural hazards (mainly floods and droughts), ade-
quate all-year-round water provision and nature conservation. Major monitoring
networks need to be set up to bridge the inequality between the eastern and west-
ern Mediterranean in terms of data, water management, early warning systems and
adaptation. The role, significance and protection of water resources in the upstream
parts of the catchments require consideration. Snowmelt discharge regimes should
be analyzed closely and integrated into seasonal hydrological forecasting. The po-
tential climate change impacts on the duration and quantity of snowfall on hydro-
logical systems as well as the economy, in particular agriculture and tourism, have
to be foreseen. Climate change over the last 40 years is already having major im-
pacts on Mediterranean climate and hydrology, therefore future research needs to be
coordinated in an interdisciplinary and international manner to optimize the identi-
fication of particularly vulnerable regions and provide a portfolio of adaptation and
mitigation options.
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