Digital Signal Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
x[n]
y[n]
b
0
z
−1
−
a
1
b
1
z
−1
−
a
m
b
m
Figure 2.25:
Signal Flow diagram for a generalized
m
-th order Direct Form II filter structure or real-
ization. Signal flow direction is depicted by small arrows, which have unity gain unless otherwise labeled.
Typical labels include a number representing a gain, a variable representing a gain, or the symbol
z
−
1
,
which represents a delay of one sample. The summing of signals is performed when any two signals
flowing in the same direction meet at a node, represented by a small circle. The reader should compare
this figure to the previous one.
y
[
]
x
[
]
b
0
z
−1
a
1
−
b
1
z
−1
−
a
m
b
m
Figure 2.26:
The signal flow diagram for an
m
-th order Direct Form II Transposed filter structure.
