STORMWATER HYDROLOGY AND QUALITY - Low Impact Development and Sustainable Stormwater Management - page 49

sampling can be very useful, and often reflects a steady concentration of soluble
pollutants that will be representative of high-flow periods.
Some soluble NPS pollutants can be found in the initial rainfall, especially
in regions with significant emissions from fossil-fuel plants. Precipitation serves
as a “scrubber” for the atmosphere, removing both fine particulates and gases
(NO x and SO x ), and a pollutant load of atmospheric deposition. Chesapeake Bay
scientists have measured rainfall with NO 3 concentrations of 1 to 2 mg/L, which
could comprise a significant fraction of the total input to the bay. Other rain-
fall studies by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have resulted in similar conclusions.
Impervious pavements also generate nitrate load, reflecting a mix of deposited
sediment, vegetation, animal wastes, and human detritus of many different forms.
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the International Joint Commission Fluvial Transport Workshop, Kitchener, Ontario,
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