Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
within the administration of Water Board programs and activities by promoting
water management strategies such as low impact development, considering the
impacts of climate change in our decision-making, and coordinating with govern-
mental, non-profit, and private industry, and business partners to further strategies
for sustainability.”
Starting with the San Diego MS4 Permit (Order No. R9-2007-0001), adopted on
January 24, 2007, municipal permits within the region have contained specific LID
and hydro-modification requirements [10, 11]. The major emphasis of the LID
requirements in municipal permits is on reduction of impervious area in order to
facilitate infiltration and reduce urban runoff. LID requirements in MS4 permits are
to apply to specified categories of new development and redevelopment projects.
The Permittees are tasked with the responsibility of developing design and main-
tenance criteria and establishing minimum standards for the use of LID practices.
They are also required to develop manuals or technical guidance for municipal
employees and private sector practitioners involved with the implementation of
LID practices.
5.4 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS
In the current stormwater management regulations that have taken form across
the United States (and continue to evolve), the critical question is: How can we
use LID methods and materials to achieve compliance with the federal and state
rules and effectively mitigate the impacts of land development?
Volume Control
Once the water balance has been estimated for a given site, the guidelines for
sustaining this balance must be established. These technical guidelines evolve
into specific design criteria that can be applied to a broad spectrum of stormwa-
ter management solutions, commonly referred to as best management practices
(BMPs) or low-impact development measures. This topic presents stormwa-
ter management principles and recommends site control guidelines for volume,
water quality, and rate. These guidelines are proposed as the basis for municipal
stormwater regulation, and offer guidance for municipalities desiring to improve
their stormwater management programs. Some state laws and regulations manage
stormwater directly at the state level, while some state-level management occurs
through programs such as NPDES Phase II permitting, or the MS4 program,
but whatever the regulatory format, the first step is to “set the bar” for our LID
strategies, not unlike any other type of design.
Although the volume control guideline is quite specific concerning the
volume of runoff to be controlled from a development site, it does not limit the
methods by which this can be accomplished. The selection of an LID measure,
or combination of measures, is left to the design process. In all instances,
minimizing the volume increase from existing and future development
is
the goal.
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