Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
the handling of traffic.Thus it is not useful to the operator to receive signals
from equipment that is functioning normally. Only at the time that a detec-
tion is in direct or indirect relation to the handling of traffic is this brought to
the attention of the operator. It could then concern for example, an import-
ant power failure, or the failure of a section of the tunnel lighting.
Suppressing of follow-on signals
Signals which are logically the result of a certain situation but don't neces-
sarily lead to renewed intervention (follow-on signals) are suppressed: a
detection of standing still will lead to new standing still detections in a num-
ber of cases, because other cars also stand still behind the stopped vehicle.
If it concerns standing still in another section of the tunnel, then this signal
is not suppressed.
Fig. 15.4
An operator in the
operating area
The operating system
The operating system has the following functions:
•
the providing of all the desired information to the operator;
•
the passing on of the operator's commands to the tunnel installations;
•
the passing on of returning signals from the installations to the operator;
•
the carrying out of a number of grouped commands on the operator's
instructions;
•
the autonomous carrying out of a number of monitoring functions;
•
the taking care of data storage, television and audio recordings.
The Open Transmission Network (OTN) forms the (physical) basis of the
operating system. This is a glass fibre network onto which the tunnel instal-
lations and the automated operating desk are connected. Glass fibre is insensi-
tive to faults such as lightning and can transport huge amounts of data
without any time delay. All the equipment is controlled by the OTN: TV cam-
eras, loudspeakers, intercom, pump installations, fire extinguishing installa-
tions, jet-fans, light fittings, emergency power facilities, and detection loops
in the road surface. The OTN is a redundant type. That means that when a
connection fails, automatically a new route is selected without the users
noticing it.
The co-ordination of the commands takes place in the man-machine-
interface (MMI).That is where the operator monitors and controls the tunnel.
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