Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
8
Count Luigi Federico Menebrea, Sketch of the Analytical Engine Invented
by Charles Babbage . . . with notes by the translator. Extracted from the
Scientific Memoirs etc . . . (London,
. [Lovelace herself was
the translator of Count Menebrea's account of Babbage's engine and the
quote above is taken from her added notes.]
1843
), p.
696
9
Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations (New York,
1909
-
1914
), vol.
iv
, chap.
2
,
p.
9
.
10
Fernand Braudel, Civilisation and Capitalism
15
th-
18
th Century (London,
1982
), vol.
ii
: The Wheels of Commerce , p.
224
.
11
Otto Mayr, Authority, Liberty and Automatic Machinery in Early Modern
Europe (Baltimore and London,
1986
), p.
199
.
12
For a comprehensive account of the relation between information and
entropy, see Jeremy Campbell, Grammatical Man (London,
1982
).
13
George Boole, The Mathematical Analysis of Logic (Cambridge,
1847
).
14
George Boole, An Investigation of the Laws of Thought (London,
1854
).
15
Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, Dissertatio de arte combinatoria, ex arith-
meticæ fundamentis complicationum ac transpositionum doctrina novis
præceptis exstruitur . . . nova etiam Artis meditandi, seu Logicæ inventionis
semina sparguntur. Præfixa est synopsis totius tractatus, et additamenti
loco Demonstratio Existentiæ Dei ad mathematicam certitudinem exacta
(Lipsiæ,
1666
).
16
Martin Van Creveld, Command in War (Cambridge,
ma
,
1991
), p.
97
.
17
James R. Beniger, The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic
Origins of the Information Society (Cambridge,
ma
,
1986
), pp.
226
-
37
.
18
James Cary, Communication as Culture: Essays on Media and Society (New
York and London,
1989
), p.
217
.
19
Ibid., p.
220
.
20
Ibid.
21
Jonathan Crary, Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in
the Nineteenth Century (Cambridge,
ma
,
1990
), p.
13
.
22
Ibid.
23
Ibid.
24
Shawn James Rosenheim, The Cryptographic Imagination: Secret Writing
from Poe to the Internet (Baltimore and London,
1997
), pp.
1
-
2
, pp.
61
-
2
and passim.
25
Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish (London,
1977
), p.
189
.
26
Ibid.
27
Ibid., p.
190
.
28
Walter Benjamin, Illuminations (London,
1973
), pp.
219
-
73
.
29
George Herbert Wells, World Brain: H. G. Wells and the Future of World
Education (London,
1994
).
30
Ibid., p.
20
.
31
Ibid., p.
120
.
32
Ibid., pp.
121
-
2
.
33
Benjamin, Illuminations , p.
223
.
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