Materials - ICE Manual of Structural Design: Buildings - page 232

Special corner and junction pieces

In addition to the above there is developing experience of cast-
ing high grade steel to form spherical sections for the nodes of
space frames and other applications.

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■

Plates

Bolts and other fixing devices.

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14.5 Aluminium
Aluminium (Al) is the most abundant metallic element in the
earth's crust. It was isolated initially by H. C. Oersted (1777-
1851) in 1826 and first produced commercially in 1886. It is a
component of a number of elements; however, in most hosts the
aluminium content is too small for economic extraction. The
exception is bauxite which contains hydrated alumina together
with oxides such as iron, silicone and titanium. These depos-
its are usually near the surface and can be mined by opencast
quarrying. Deposits are found in many parts around the world,
the principal areas being Australia, Brazil, China, Guinea,
Jamaica and India. In 2006, more than 177 Mt of bauxite

Note: Since about 2007, following alignment with European
Standards, Corus have produced a new range of CE marked
sections (see Tables 14.1 , 14.2 and 14.3 ) using UK rather than
UB nomenclature. The earlier 43 and 50 grades have largely
been replaced by 275 and 335 grades. For engineers working
on refurbishment and/or repair projects, it may be necessary to
refer to old section topics for information on section proiles. In
this connection the Institution of Structural Engineers Library
has access to a wide range of old section topics. Readers are
also directed to Bates (1984).

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Reinforcement for concrete (including pre-stressing wires and cables)

Carbon steel bars for reinforcement of concrete (BS

■ ■

4449:2005)
Welded steel fabric for the reinforcement of concrete (BS

■

Advance ®
designation

4483: 2005)
Pre-stressing steel wire and strand (BS 5896:1980) and bars

Section type Dimensions Tolerances

■

UK Beam UKB BS4-1:2005 BS EN10034:

1993

(BS 4486:1988) for the reinforcement of concrete
Cold worked steel.

■ UK Column UKC

UK Bearing Pile UKBP

UK Parallel Flange
Channel

UKPFC BS4-1:2005 BS EN10279:

1200

Tata Steel Advance ® sections Old designation system

UKB UK Beam UB Universal Beam

UK Angle UKA BS EN10056:

1999

BS EN10056-2:
1993

UKC UK Column UB Universal Column

UKPFC UK Parallel Flange Channel PFC Parallel Flange Channel

UK Tee (cut from
Universal Beams and
Universal Columns)

UKT BS4-1:2005

UKA UK Angle RSA Rolled Steel Angle

UKBP UK Bearing Pile UBP Universal Bearing Pile

ASB (Asymmetric
Beam) Slimdek ® Beam

ASB Generally BS

EN10034:1993

UKT UK Tee

Table 14.1 Section designation system (Corus 2007) (Reproduced
courtesy of Tata Steel)

Table 14.2 Standards applicable to Advance ® sections from Tata Steel
(Corus 2007) (Reproduced courtesy of Tata Steel)

Advance® sections EN10025:Part 2:2004 BS 4360:1990

Grade Grade Yield

(R m H a ) min

Tensile
(R m a )

Charpy v-notch
longitudinal

Grade

Strength at t = 16 mm (N/mm 2 ) Temp(°C) Energy(J) t = 16 mm

Advance275JR S275JR 275 410/560 20 27 43B

Advance275JO S275JO 275 410/560 0 27 43C

Advance275J2 S275J2 275 410/560 - 20 27 43D

Advance355JR S355JR 355 470/630 20 27 50B

Advance355JO S355JO 355 470/630 0 27 50C

Advance355J2 S355J2 355 470/630 27 50D

- 20

Advance355K2 S355K2 355 470/630 - 20 40 50DD

Example - EN10025:Part 2:2004 - S275JR becomes Advance 275JR

Table 14.3 Comparison of grades for Advance ® sections, EN10025:Part 2:2004 and BS 4360:1990 (Reproduced courtesy of Tata Steel)