Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Sanitation includes all activities aimed at eliminating
or reducing the amount of inoculum present in a plant,
fi eld or packing house. Measures include removing
diseased plant parts to reduce disease carryover by
pruning, promptly destroying crop residues and
alternative weed hosts, removing diseased fruit and
thoroughly cleaning packing facilities and equipment.
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Further information
General
A g r i o s G N ( 2 0 0 5 )
Plant pathology
(5th edn). Elsevier Academic
Press : New York .
Annual Review of Phytopathology (ongoing series) http://www.
annualreviews.org .
Chemical and physical soil treatments, such as
fumigation, solarisation and mulching reduce levels of
soil-borne pathogens.
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B e a t t i e B B , M c G l a s s o n W B & W a d e N L ( E d s ) ( 1 9 8 9 )
Post harvest
diseases of horticultural produce: Volume 1 Temperate fruit
. CSIRO
Publications : Melbourne .
B r o w n J F & O g l e H J ( E d s ) ( 1 9 9 7 )
Plant pathogens and plant diseases
.
Rockvale Publications : Armidale .
Heat treating planting material.
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Protection of the host
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C a r e f o o t E R & S p r o t t G L ( 1 9 6 7 )
Famine on the wind
. Rand McNally
& Co : Chicago .
Resistant varieties. Resistance to a pathogen either
prevents infection or slows disease development.
C o a t e s L , C o o k e T , P e r s l e y D , B e a t t i e B , W a d e , N & R i d g w a y R ( 1 9 9 5 )
(Eds)
Postharvest diseases of horticultural produce: Volume 2 Tropical
fruit
. Department of Primary Industries: Brisbane, Queensland.
Fungicide application. Protectant fungicides on seed or
plant surfaces either kill fungal spores or prevent their
germination. They are essential for managing foliar
and fruit diseases and often used in combination with
systemic products. The primary activity of systemic
fungicides is as a protectant. A small proportion of the
chemical is absorbed into the treated parts of plants
where it has a curative or post-infection activity.
Regular, routine use of systemic fungicides is not
recommended, because resistant strains may develop,
leading to reduced effi ciency. Strategies have been
developed that prevent the build-up of resistant
strains.
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D u g a n F W ( 2 0 0 8 )
Fungi in the ancient world
. APS Press: St Paul,
Minnesota .
H a l l I R , B r o w n GT T & Z a m b o n e l l i A ( 2 0 0 8 )
Taming the truff le: the
history, lore and science of the ultimate mushroom
. APS Press : St Paul,
Minnesota .
H of l l i d a y P ( 1 9 9 8 )
A dictionary of plant pathology
(2nd edn).
Cambridge University Press : Cambridge .
H o r s t K R ( 2 0 0 1 )
Westcott's plant disease handbook
(6th ed) . Kluwer
Academic Publishers : Massachusetts .
L a r g e E C ( 2 0 0 3 )
The advance of the fungi
. APS Press: St Paul,
Minnesota .
Defence activators. These non-pesticide agents are
applied before pathogen infection to activate the
plants' inherent resistance mechanisms. They may be
of synthetic origin (e.g. a formulated chemical), or
biological, (e.g. non-pathogenic microorganisms or
their products). Defence activators are used in
conjunction with traditional methods of
disease-management.
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M a d d e n L V , H u g h e s G & v a n d e n B o s c h F ( 2 0 0 7 )
The study of plant
disease epidemics .
APS Press: St Paul, Minnesota.
M a r i a u D ( E d . ) ( 2 0 0 1 )
Diseases of tropical tree crops
. CIRAD :
Montpellier .
P e r s l e y D M ( E d . ) ( 1 9 9 3 )
Diseases of fruit crops
. Department of
Primary Industries: Brisbane, Queensland.
Insecticide application. Insect vectors of some viruses
are managed effectively with insecticides, but the
mode of virus transmission is a crucial factor.
Persistently transmitted viruses that require long
feeding times by the vector may be controlled.
However, spread of non-persistently transmitted
viruses may actually be increased because vectors
require feeding times of only seconds and in the
short term, their activity may be increased after
contact with insecticide.
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P l of e t z R C ( E d . ) ( 2 0 0 3 )
Diseases of tropical fruit crops
. C A B I
Publishing : Wallingford .
P l o e t z R C , Z e n t m y e r , G A , N i s h i j i m a W , R o h r b a c h K & O h r H D
(Eds) (1994)
Compendium of tropical fruit diseases
. APS Press:
St Paul, Minnesota.
S c h u m a n n G ( 1 9 9 1 )
Plant diseases: their biology and social impact
.
APS Press: St Paul, Minnesota.
S c h u m a n n G L & D ' A r c y C J ( 2 0 0 6 )
Essential plant pathology
. APS
Press: St Paul, Minnesota.
Modern disease management aims to provide a
combination of suitable methods to obtain effective,
economically sound disease control with minimal risk to
the environment.
S h i v a s R G & H y d e K D ( 1 9 9 6 ) B i of d i v e r s i t y of f p l a n t p a t h of g e n i c f u n g i
in the tropics. In
Biodiversity of Tropical Fungi
. ( E d . K D H y d e )
pp. 47-62. University of Hong Kong Press: Hong Kong.
