Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
Passing Portuguese sailors become the first Europeans to lay eyes on Taiwan; they are so en-
chanted they name the island Ilha Formosa (Beautiful Island).
1622-62
The Dutch establish colonies on both Taiwan Island and Penghu to facilitate trade with China
and Japan. They also encourage the first large migration of Han Chinese to Taiwan.
1662
After a two-year campaign, Dutch forces are driven off Taiwan by Ming loyalist Admiral Koxinga;
they surrender to him in Tainan.
1662-83
Following Koxinga's death in 1662, son Zheng Jing sets up the first Han Chinese government on
Taiwan, as a base to try to regain China from the Qing dynasty.
1683
Following Zheng Jing's death in 1682, son Zheng Keshuang rules briefly before being defeated
at the Battle of Penghu, resulting in a surrender to Qing forces.
1683-1885
Taiwan is governed by the Qing dynasty as a prefecture of Fujian province. Early years are
marked by frequent rebellion, riots and civil strife.
1729
The Qing Emperor forbids immigration to Taiwan on pain of death. The order is later rescinded
but immigration is officially limited for decades.
1787
The Lin Shuang-wen Rebellion, the largest popular revolt against Qing rule, takes over a year to
suppress. The revolt shows the general dissatisfaction in Taiwan with Qing rule.
1861-64
The Treaty of Tianjin forces open Taiwan ports of Anping, Tamsui, Keelung and Kaohsiung to
Western trade. Taiwan's camphor and tea exports enter the world markets.
1871
Japanese sailors stranded on the southern tip of Taiwan are killed in a conflict with local Paiwan
tribespeople. The Japanese government demands compensation from the Qing court.
