Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
3D Cartography as a Platform
for Remindering Important Historical
Events: The Example of the Terez ´ n
Memorial
Pavel H ´ jek, Karel Jedli ˇ ka, Michal Kepka, Radek Fiala,
Martina Vichrov ´ , Karel Jane ˇ ka, and V ´ clav ˇ ada
Creation of 3D Maps
3D maps can be done in several different ways, each way creating a different
representation of the landscape and related objects. 3D maps can be photorealistic,
where the landscape is created to match the exact reality, using techniques of
overlaying ortho-photo images over a 3D model, or can be “symbolic”, where the
maps are generalized and symbols designed to show object locations and informa-
tion. An issue with 3D mapping is that there are currently no adequate standards or
design principles in place to guide cartographers in creating functional, user
friendly 3D maps. For issues regarding of symbol recognition, depth perception
(differences in scale) and so on, all current 3D maps are done individually to show
the portrayed information in the best way authors can do. Even though standard
cartography design principles still apply to this newer form of geographical repre-
sentation, we need to look past the technical aspects of 3D model creation and focus
on the aspects that can enhance a user
s understanding and comprehension of
a landscape depicted in a three-dimensional view (Pegg 2011 ). Elmes ( 2005 )is
expressed that there are three processes that are common to all maps: reduction
(determining scale), selection and abstraction of features, and symbolization.
Pegg ( 2011 ) is also described that while orientation is not really an issue for a 3D
map, other factors can have a major effect on the way a 3D presentation is
perceived. Recognition of symbology and 3D objects for the user is being an
issue. Other issues that can affect the usefulness of a 3D map are different levels
of detail and abstraction, depth perception and a changing scale.
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