Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
generate a second unique greyscale map. In many maps evaluated they contained
some colours that were too close in value to work effectively as a greyscale map.
There exists the need to provide alternative maps for colour-blind users or
re-design colour schemes to ensure that colour-blind users can use the
'
standard
'
map provided.
Colour schemes on all maps do not work at all for colour-blind users. An option
to generate a unique map for viewing by deuteranopes, protanopes and
tritanopes would contribute to the provision of
.
The sheer number of colours on some maps makes it almost impossible to
provide a standard map that works for all users, irrespective of their vision
impairment.
maps for all
'
'
Conclusion
The main recommendations that can be made are twofold, namely:
1. Map specifications must be reviewed and all colour schema re-specified to
ensure that all colours are reproducible in monochrome and
2. For all maps in the public domain, make available the option for users to
request another map format. This could include large print, a special
colour scheme or monochrome maps for the colour-blind and outputs
with fewer colour-representations of unique features. (This last point
may necessitate
some maps into a number of products, whereby
original maps containing numerous colours, which would be impossible to
reproduce effectively for colour impaired users, would be provided as a
map set. The map set would contain all of the information from the
original product, but deliver this information across a number of maps.)
breaking
'
'
References
Arditi A (2010) Effective color contrast. Lighthouse International.
http://www.lighthouse.org/
Brewer CA (1997) Spectral schemes: controversial color use on maps. Cartogr Geogr Inf Syst 24
(4):203-220
Hogarty D (2007) Michael Hertz, designer of the NYC subway map. Gothamist, August 2007.
http://gothamist.com/2007/08/03/michael_hertz_d.php
.
Accessed Dec 2013
Jenny B, Kelso NV (2007) Color design for the color vision impaired. Cartogr Perspect
Light A, Bartlein PJ (2004) The end of the rainbow? Color schemes for improved data graphics.
EOS 85(40):385 and 391
Nugent J (2011) Designing maps for the color blind.
http://vcgiblog.wordpress.com/2010/11/02/
Ordnance Survey (2009) Maps for the colour-blind are a real eye opener.
http://www.
Rawsthorn A (2012) The subway map that rattled New Yorkers. The New York Times, 5 August
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. Accessed 4 Dec 2013
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