Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
10 December 1999.
http://www.basel.int/Countries/StatusofRatifi cations/
10
Yet even in this case the arbitral tribunal did not fi nd Canada legally responsible for
the transboundary pollution, since Canada's responsibility had already been estab-
lished in the agreement submitting the dispute to the tribunal.
11
In 2005, the United States had emitted greenhouse gases into the atmosphere his-
torically more than any other country. Its emissions that year totalled more than any
other country's, and above all, its emissions per capita were the highest.
12
Rio Declaration, Principle 2.
Further reading
Crawford, J.,
The International Law Commission's Articles on State Responsibility:
Introduction, Text and Commentaries
, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Faure, M.G. and Nollkaemper, A., 'International Liability as an Instrument to Prevent
and Compensate for Climate Change',
Stanford Journal of International Law
, 43(A),
2007, p. 123.
Hanqin, X.,
Transboundary Damage in International Law
, Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2003.
ILC, Draft articles on Prevention of Transboundary Harm from Hazardous Activities,
with commentaries, 2001,
http://untreaty.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/
ILC, Draft principles on the allocation of loss in the case of transboundary harm arising
out of hazardous activities, with commentaries, 2006,
http://untreaty.un.org/ilc/
ILC, Draft articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts,
with commentaries, 2001,
http://untreaty.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/
Koivurova, T., 'Due Diligence', in R. Wolfrum (ed.),
The
Max Planck Encyclopedia of
Public International Law
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011, online edition.
Mason, M.,
New Accountability: Environmental Responsibility Across Borders
, London:
Earthscan, 2005.
Okowa, P.N.,
State Responsibility for Transboundary Air Pollution in International Law
,
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Rayfuse, R. and Scott, S. (eds),
International Law in the Era of Climate Change
,
Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2012.
Pisillo-Mazzeschi, R., 'The Due Diligence Rule and the Nature of the International
Responsibility of States',
German Yearbook of International Law
, 35, 1992, p. 9.
Tol, R.S.J. and Verheyen, R., 'State Responsibility and Compensation for Climate
Change',
Energy Policy
, 32(9), 2004, pp. 1109-30.
Verheyen, R.,
Climate Change Damage and International Law: Prevention Duties and State
Responsibility
, Leiden: Brill, 2004.
Voigt, C., 'State Responsibility for Climate Change Damage',
Nordic Journal of
International Law
, 77(1-2), 2008, pp. 1-22.
Websites
Inuit petition to the Inter American Commission on Human Rights against the United
States:
http://www.inuitcircumpolar.com/fi les/uploads/icc-fi les/FINALPetitionICC.pdf
Climate Justice Programme, 'Climate Justice: Enforcing Climate Change Law':
http://
BankTrack (bank sector network of civil society organizations):
http://www.banktrack.org/
International Court of Justice:
http://www.icj-cij.org/homepage/index.php?lang=en
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