Nursery Techniques - Afforestation, Reforestation and Forest Restoration in Arid and Semi-arid Tropics - page 43

Table 2.8 (continued)
Sr.
no.

Name of
pest/pathogen

Symptoms/disease or damage
caused

Preventive measures Curative measures

9 Damping off

fungi

Cause root rotting Avoid waterlogging, improve porosity

and aeration of soil

Apply to seed bed for 1 m 2 area: formaldehyde 38 %
300 ml 8-10 days before sowing or apply
20-25 g/m 2 captan (0.2 %), or carbendazim

(0.20 %)

10 Wilt disease Seedlings wilt, die in 48 h if not

cured

Deep plough the area nearby, clear of
weeds

Drench the soil with zineb (0.2 %), or carbendazim
(0.2 %) at monthly intervals

11 Collar rot Attacks the collar zone - Drench soil with zineb (0.2 %)

12 Charcoal

root rot

Collar region becomes black,
roots dry up

- Drench soil with mancozeb or carbendazim (0.1 %)

at monthly interval

13 Powdery

mildew

Chalky appearance on upper
surface of leaves; leaves dry up

- Spray tridemorph (0.1%) or any sulphur based

fungicide

14 Twig blight Twigs dry up - Spray carbendazim alternated with captan

15 Leaf blight Leaves dry up - Spray carbendazim alternated with captan

16 Leaf rust Leaves dry up - Spray carbendazim alternated with captan

17 Seed fungi Infection in seeds will kill

germinated seeds

Use clean and fresh seeds Treat seeds with carbendazim, captan, or thiram at

the rate of 1 g/100 g seed

Part B: Pests and diseases in plantations
1 Hare,

porcupine

Cause physical damage to roots
and shoots

Set up traps Set up traps and send them off

2 Rats, gerbils Destroy roots of plants, burrows Destroy the burrows Can be killed by baiting with zinc phosphide or red

lead; alternatively should be trapped and sent off

3 Termites Attack roots of plants and kill

them

- Apply chlorpyriphos 20 EC 5 ml/l. Alternate it with

deltamethrin, cypermethrin, and carbofuran

4 Wild boars,

blue bulls

Destroy plants by digging up or
eating up

Keep the fence intact Hunt them!

5 Root fungi Roots dry up - Irrigate with water containing carbendazim 0.2 %

alternated with captan 0.2 %

6 Heart rot Heartwood is dried - Irrigate with water containing bavistin 0.2 %

alternated with captan 0.2 %