Costing and Estimation ofWorks - Afforestation, Reforestation and Forest Restoration in Arid and Semi-arid Tropics - page 142

Table 7.1 (continued)
Sr. No. Item specifications Unit of work Required man-days

Unskilled Semi-skilled Skilled

(d) More than 50 % stones have to be split/cleaved from ground with a crowbar or pickaxe 100 m 3 112

100 m 3 (e) More than 50 % stones have to be quarried 165

100 m 3 4-9 Construction of gabion structures along streams, in random rubble masonry, when stones are

available on surface within

80

100 m lead, the height of such structure not being more than 4 m

100 m 3 4-10 Random rubble dry-stone pitching including making the surface in required profile, when stones

are locally available within average distance of 250 m

100 10 10

4-11 Laying of gunny bags for construction of spurs or check dams, including filling the bags with

earth, and stitching of bags

1,000 nos. 90

100 m 3 4-12 Binding loose-stone check dams in woven wire mesh 18

4-13 Erection of micro-windbreaks in moving sand, using mulch material like brushwood or shrubs,

etc. in lines as prescribed, with mulch buried to an average depth of 15 cm, its height above
ground being 45 cm and thickness at mid-height being 30 cm, where
(a) Mulch material is available within a mean radial distance of 500 m 1,000 m 40

(b) Mulch material is available within a mean radial distance of more than 500 m and
up to 1000 m

1,000 m 55

(c) Mulch material is available within a mean radial distance of more than 1,000 m, and
up to 1,500 m

1,000 m 65

Part-5: Planting operations
Sowing in field

5-1 Sowing of seeds on bunds of contour trenches or V-ditch or ditch-cum-bund fence, in lines with

equal space of 20 cm between seeds:
(a) By dibbling clean seeds directly into soil 10,000 m 15

(b) By dibbling of pelleted seeds, including preparation of pellets in clay, manure, and soil
mixture

10,000 m 25

5-2 Sowing of seeds in shrubs like Euphorbia , etc. using a pipe with one end cut oblique, including

raking soil loose in base of the shrub with the sharp end of the pipe, dropping the seed through
the pipe and covering it with soil

1,000 nos. 4