Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 4.2
Apparent production of enzymatically synthesized amylose
in DMSO by means of calcium alginate hydrogel beads/DMSO
system.
rides. For example, the phosphorylase-catalyzed polymerization us-
ing 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl (CNP)
-maltopentaoside was performed
to produce CNP-maltooligosaccharides with longer chain lengths of
DPs in the range 8-11 [10]. These maltooligosaccharide derivatives
were indispensable tools in the study on the binding sites and the
actions of
β
α
-amylases having longer binding area than that of human
α
-amylase.
Glycogen is known as a high-molecular-weight and water-
soluble
polysaccharide,
which
is
composed
of
linear
chains
containing an average of 10-14 (1
4)-linked
α
-glucose residues,
6)-glycosidic linkages to form highly branched
structure [11,12]. Besides glycogen being a substrate for the
interlinked by
α
-(1
in
vivo
phosphorolysis by glycogen phosphorylase, it was used as a
primer for the phosphorylase-catalyzed polymerization. When the
phosphorylase-catalyzed polymerization of glycogen using Glc-1-P
was carried out (Fig. 4.3a), followed by standing further at room
temperature for 24 h, the reaction mixture turned into a hydrogel
form (Fig. 4.3b) [13]. The hydrogelation was probably caused by the
formation of junction zones based on the double helix structure of
the elongated amylose chains among the glycogen molecules.
