Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
change in flow direction and at the ends of all branch waste mains. As
on plumber says, “there are never too many cleanouts” and the code
requirements tend to be woefully inadequate.
Access for maintenance is a prime design consideration. Too often
water heaters are installed in totally inaccessible locations...above ceil-
ings, in storage closets, etc. In dormitories, hotels, and other domicile
occupancies, rarely are provisions made to provide access for replace-
ment of tub drains or shower valves, an often critical need.
The location and service access for backflow preventers and pres-
sure reducing valves must be a prime plumbing design criteria. These
devices need routine testing and adjustment and often fail, requiring
replacement.
And, finally, flood control measures are required wherever there
is potential for plumbing water release...at backflow preventers, water
storage tanks, water heaters, etc.
HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR-CONDITIONING
Two aspects of building design have major impacts on the main-
tainability of HVAC systems: (1) where HVAC equipment is located and
the access provided for maintenance and, ultimately, replacement and
(2) the indoor and outdoor space provided for HVAC equipment main-
tenance.
HVAC Equipment Location and Access
HVAC system components are typically located on the roof out-
doors, on the ground outdoors, in mechanical equipment rooms in-
doors, and within ceiling cavities indoors. There are specific require-
ments relative to maintainability of HVAC equipment at each of these
locations in the following sections.
Outdoor equipment is easier to install, easier to service, and much
easier to replace in the future if located on the ground rather than on the
roof. If a rooftop location is selected, building codes may require safety
railings be installed to protect service personnel if the equipment is in-
stalled within six feet of the roof edge. If the roof slopes, level service
platforms may also be required. And, ultimately all rooftop equipment
must be replaced, so staging areas for cranes, etc. must be provided.
The following guidelines should be followed to ensure proper out-
door equipment operation and accessibility for maintenance:
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