Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Al
2
O
3
18·0
16·1
3·54
20·3
18·2
15·7
12·2
14·5
12·4
15·7
CaO
7·7
3·5
3·08
11·0
11·1
4·3
1·6
1·8
0·1
3·2
FeO
7·7
1·4
8·04
3·0
6·0
3·2
0·9
1·8
2·9
5·5
Fe
2
O
3
3·1
0·46
5·5
3·2
1·3
0·8
1·6
11·6
MgO
3·5
2·2
37·49
4·2
7·6
3·4
0·3
0·9
0·5
11·7
Na
2
O
3·6
3·9
0·57
3·3
2·5
4·2
4·2
3·3
0·2
0·8
K
2
O
1·5
2·9
0·12
0·4
0·9
2·7
3·2
4·0
7·9
0·1
TiO
2
0·5
0·71
1·0
1·0
0·6
0·3
0·4
0·2
2·2
Cr
2
O
3
0·43
NiO
0·2
MnO
0·1
0·14
0·2
0·1
0·1
0·1
0·2
P
2
O
5
0·2
0·06
0·1
0·2
0·1
0·1
H
2
O
0·7
0·4
1·8
1·0
0·8
6·9
Notes
: C'tal crust, 'average' continental crust; LR Tuff, Lower Rhyolitic tuff, from the Snowdon caldera
eruptions. Greenschist is metamorphosed oceanic basalt (see below).
Table 12.1 The principal non-silicate groups of rock-forming
minerals
Oxides
Sulphides
Halides
Carbonates
Haematite Fe
2
O
3
Pyrrhotite
FeS
Sylvite
KCl
Siderite
FeCO
3
Magnetite Fe
3
O
4
Pyrite
FeS
2
Halite
NaCl
Magnesite
MgCO
3
Ilmenite
FeTiO
3
Galena
PbS
Fluorite
CaF
2
Calcite
CaCO
3
Rutile
TiO
2
Chalcopyrite
CuFeS
2
Aragonite
CaCO
3
Chromite (Mg,Fe)Cr
2
O
4
Dolomite
CaMg(CO
3
)
2
Sulphates
Phosphates
Hydroxides
Gypsum
CaSO
4
.2H
2
O
Apatite
Ca
5
(PO
4
)
3
(F,Cl,OH)
Goethite
Fe
2
O
3
.H
2
O
Anhydrite
CaSO
4
Gibbsite
Al(OH)
3
