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with a spatial resolution of 15 m, 30 m, and 90 m for the thermal bands.
ASTER provides data for a variety of research applications, such as monitor-
ing of surface climatology, vegetation, volcanoes, flooding, coastal erosion,
and soil mapping. ASTER data is useful for ground cover classification.
3.3.1.6 EO-1
As part of the NASA New Millennium Program, EO-1 (USGS 2009b) is the first
mission that was developed with advanced technologies to build smaller and
less costly spacecraft. EO-1 was launched in November 2000. Three instru-
ments are being flown on board the EO-1 spacecraft. The Advanced Land
Imager (ALI) has ten bands: one panchromatic, six visible/near infrared, and
three shortwave infrared bands. The panchromatic band has a spatial reso-
lution of 10 m, the rest of the bands have a resolution of 30 m. Hyperion is
another instrument on board EO-1; it is a hyperspectral imager covering the
wavelength range from 0.4 to 2.5 µm in 220 bands with a 30 m resolution.
Data from the Hyperion observations can be used for applications concern-
ing agriculture, environmental management, and detailed land classification.
Terrain and geometrically corrected radiometric products are generated from
ALI's and Hyperion's observations. The third instrument is an atmospheric
corrector capable of providing more accurate reflectance measurements for
other land imagers through its atmospheric correction algorithms.
3.3.1.7 RADARSAT
RADARSAT (Canadian Space Agency 2009) is an environmental monitoring
satellite for the land and ocean. The first RADARSAT-1 with a finest resolution
of 8 m was launched in November 1995. The second RADARSAT-2 with a finest
resolution of 3 m was successfully launched in late 2007. RADARSAT data uses
include land cover classification and identification of potential larval habitats.
3.3.1.8 Commercial Satellites
Among the high-resolution commercial sensors are Ikonos and QuickBird;
data from these sensors are provided through commercial vendors, and they
typically include corrected radiometric products. Ikonos, with 1 m resolu-
tion, was launched in September 1999, and Quickbird, with an even higher
resolution of 60 cm, was launched in October 2001. Because of their high
resolution, both Quickbird and Ikonos data can be used for land cover clas-
sification that involves small-surface objects, such as ponds or ditches.
3.3.2 Space Shuttles—Shuttle radar Topography Mission (SrTM)
The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) (Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2009b) was conducted from the Space Shuttle Endeavour in February 2000.
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