Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
3.3 Remote Sensing as a Means of Acquiring Environmental
Information ................................................................................................... 61
3.3.1 Satellites, Sensors, Measurements, and Data Products .............. 62
3.3.1.1 Landsat ............................................................................... 62
3.3.1.2 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
(AV H R R ) ............................................................................. 62
3.3.1.3 Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) ............ 63
3.3.1.4 Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) .................... 63
3.3.1.5 Terra and Aqua.................................................................. 63
3.3.1.6 EO -1..................................................................................... 64
3.3.1.7 R ADAR SAT........................................................................ 64
3.3.1.8 Commercial Satellites ....................................................... 64
3.3.2 Space Shuttles—Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
(SRTM) ............................................................................................... 64
3.3.3 Google Earth and Virtual Earth .................................................... 65
3.4 Ground Cover Classification Methods ..................................................... 65
3.4.1 The Parallelpiped Method .............................................................. 65
3.4.2 The Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) Method................ 66
3.4.3 The Neural Network Method ........................................................ 66
3.4.4 Spatial Techniques ........................................................................... 66
3.5 Modeling Techniques with Utilization of Remote Sensing Data ......... 66
3.5.1 Statistical Modeling ......................................................................... 67
3.5.1.1 Logistic Regression ........................................................... 67
3.5.1.2 Regression Trees................................................................ 68
3.5.1.3 Neural Network ................................................................ 69
3.5.1.4 Genetic Algorithms........................................................... 69
3.5.1.5 Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM)................................. 70
3.5.2 Biological Modeling......................................................................... 71
3.5.2.1 SEIR ..................................................................................... 71
3.5.2.2 Agent-Based Simulation................................................... 73
3.5.2.3 Markov Chain Monte Carlo............................................. 74
3.5.3 Additional Methods ........................................................................ 74
3.6 Conclusions................................................................................................... 74
References............................................................................................................... 75
3.1 Introduction
In recent years, using remote sensing for modeling infectious disease trans-
mission has become an increasingly popular and important technique. A
significant amount of research has been conducted on how remote sensing
can be used for assessing disease risks and enhancing public health organi-
zations' abilities for decision making. The most well-known examples are the
