Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
10
Introduction to China's Infectious
Disease Sur
veillance System
Jin Shuigao and Ma Jiaqi
National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Beijing, China
CoNTENTS
10.1 The Evolution of China's Disease Surveillance System ...................... 181
10.1.1 The Notifiable Diseases in China .............................................. 182
10.1.2 The Notifiable Disease Reporting Processes in China ........... 183
10.2 System Development................................................................................ 186
10.3 System Implementation and Its Progress and Impacts to Date ......... 188
10.3.1 System Technical Architecture................................................... 189
10.3.2 System Coverage and Utilization............................................... 189
10.3.3 System Impact and Achievements............................................. 190
10.3.4 Experience Obtained and Lessons Learned............................. 191
10.3.5 System Development Challenges............................................... 192
10.4 The System's Future Directions .............................................................. 192
10.5 Conclusions ............................................................................................... 193
References............................................................................................................. 194
10.1 The Evolution of China's Disease Surveillance System
To understand China's notifiable disease reporting process, it is necessary
to introduce China's health administration system. This section provides a
brief introduction to health care and public health administration system in
China. Figure 10.1 illustrates the administrative infrastructure.
The column on the right-hand side of Figure 10.1 corresponds to China's
administrative system beginning in 1949, when the People's Republic of
China was established. At each governmental level, except that of the town-
ship, there is a health bureau. At each administrative level, except, again, at
the level of township, there are also different levels of the Chinese Center for
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